Small Near-Earth Asteroids as a Source of Meteorites
Small Near-Earth Asteroids as a Source of Meteorites
复制标题
小型近地小行星作为陨石的来源
DOI：
10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch014
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Brown
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Borovivcka;P. Spurn'y;P. Brown
与地球轨道相交的小型小行星可以将外星岩石带到地球，这些岩石被称为陨石。这一过程伴随着大气中的一种发光现象，称为火流星或火球。对陨石的观测提供了陨石的大气层前轨道、小行星的物理和化学性质，以及在厘米到分米大小范围内地球上天体的流量(即撞击频率)。在这一章中，我们解释了宇宙物体穿过大气层时发生的过程，并回顾了观测火流星的方法。我们汇编了与22个用仪器观测到的陨石坠落有关的火球的现有数据。其中包括彻底改变了我们对小行星结构和组成的非均质陨落Almahata Sitta(2008年TC$3$)和Benev{S}ov，PvBram-Neuschwanstein轨道对，轨道位于小行星-彗星边界的碳质球粒陨石，以及产生破坏性冲击波的车里雅宾斯克陨落。虽然大多数流星体在大气飞行过程中会分裂成碎片，但Carancas流星体几乎保持完好，并在地面上造成了形成火山口的爆炸。
Small asteroids intersecting Earth's orbit can deliver extraterrestrial rocks to the Earth, called meteorites. This process is accompanied by a luminous phenomena in the atmosphere, called bolides or fireballs. Observations of bolides provide pre-atmospheric orbits of meteorites, physical and chemical properties of small asteroids, and the flux (i.e. frequency of impacts) of bodies at the Earth in the centimeter to decameter size range. In this chapter we explain the processes occurring during the penetration of cosmic bodies through the atmosphere and review the methods of bolide observations. We compile available data on the fireballs associated with 22 instrumentally observed meteorite falls. Among them are the heterogeneous falls Almahata Sitta (2008 TC$_3$) and Bene\v{s}ov, which revolutionized our view on the structure and composition of small asteroids, the P\v{r}\'{\i}bram-Neuschwanstein orbital pair, carbonaceous chondrite meteorites with orbits on the asteroid-comet boundary, and the Chelyabinsk fall, which produced a damaging blast wave. While most meteoroids disrupt into fragments during atmospheric flight, the Carancas meteoroid remained nearly intact and caused a crater-forming explosion on the ground.
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
P. Bland;P. Spurný;A. Bevan;K. Howard;M. Towner;G. Benedix;R. Greenwood;L. Shrbený;I. Franchi;G. Deacon;J. Borovička;Z. Ceplecha;D. Vaughan;R. Hough
通讯作者：
P. Bland;P. Spurný;A. Bevan;K. Howard;M. Towner;G. Benedix;R. Greenwood;L. Shrbený;I. Franchi;G. Deacon;J. Borovička;Z. Ceplecha;D. Vaughan;R. Hough