Local independence and residual covariance: a study of olympic figure skating ratings.
Local independence and residual covariance: a study of olympic figure skating ratings.
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局部独立性和残差协方差：奥林匹克花样滑冰评级的研究。
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
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通讯作者：
J. Linacre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Linacre
Rasch拟合度分析侧重于整体拟合度检验和个别参数估计的拟合度检验。批评人士指出，数据中与Rasch模型轻微但普遍的不匹配模式可能会逃脱使用这些方法的检测。这些模式与拉施的地方独立性公理相矛盾，因此降低了衡量标准，并可能使衡量标准产生偏差。观测残差中捕捉到了与Rasch模型不匹配的情况。可以使用因子分析技术来识别观测中普遍存在但微弱的次要维度的痕迹。为了说明这些技巧，对2002年冬季奥运会双人花样滑冰比赛的评分进行了审查。其目的是分析性地检测事件发生后公开承认的评分者偏见的模式。可以看出，一次一个参数的匹配统计和差异项目功能方法无法检测到关键的不匹配模式。因子分析方法就是这样。事实上，比赛分两个阶段进行。因子分析技术已经在第一阶段之后检测到了评分者的偏差。这表明在收集最终评级之前，可以采取补救措施，对评价员进行再培训或采取其他与评价员相关的行动。
Rasch fit analysis has focused on tests of global fit and tests of the fit of individual parameter estimates. Critics have noted that slight, but pervasive, patterns of misfit to a Rasch model within the data may escape detection using these approaches. These patterns contradict the Rasch axiom of local independence, and so degrade measurement and may bias measures. Misfit to a Rasch model is captured in the observation residuals. Traces of pervasive, but faint, secondary dimensions within the observations may be identified using factor analytic techniques. To illustrate these techniques, the ratings awarded during the Pairs Figure Skating competition at the 2002 Winter Olympic Games are examined. The intention is to detect analytically the patterns of rater bias admitted publicly after the event. It is seen that the one-parameter-at-a-time fit statistics and differential item functioning approaches fail to detect the crucial misfit patterns. Factor analytic methods do. In fact, the competition was held in two stages. Factor analytic techniques already detect the rater bias after the first stage. This suggests that remedial rater retraining or other rater-related actions could be taken before the final ratings are collected.