The Astrocytic cAMP Pathway in Health and Disease
The Astrocytic cAMP Pathway in Health and Disease
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms20030779
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Zhiwen Zhou;Y. Ikegaya;R. Koyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhiwen Zhou;Y. Ikegaya;R. Koyama
星形胶质细胞是主要的神经胶质细胞，在脑内环境稳定中发挥关键作用。星形胶质细胞功能失调会导致大脑功能紊乱。星形胶质细胞还通过神经胶质增生和免疫激活对损伤和疾病作出反应，这既可以是保护性的，也可以是有害的。因此，阐明星形胶质细胞的功能对于理解脑的生理学以开发针对脑疾病的治疗策略至关重要。环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）是一种主要的第二信使，在多种细胞中触发各种下游细胞机制。星形胶质细胞的功能也被认为是由cAMP调节的。本文就cAMP信号通路在星形胶质细胞功能调节中的作用作一综述。具体来说，我们介绍了cAMP途径参与星形胶质细胞功能的方式，包括（1）能量供应，（2）维持细胞外环境，（3）免疫反应，（4）作为营养因子提供者的潜在作用，我们讨论了这些cAMP调节过程如何影响健康和疾病中的脑功能。
Astrocytes are major glial cells that play critical roles in brain homeostasis. Abnormalities in astrocytic functions can lead to brain disorders. Astrocytes also respond to injury and disease through gliosis and immune activation, which can be both protective and detrimental. Thus, it is essential to elucidate the function of astrocytes in order to understand the physiology of the brain to develop therapeutic strategies against brain diseases. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a major second messenger that triggers various downstream cellular machinery in a wide variety of cells. The functions of astrocytes have also been suggested as being regulated by cAMP. Here, we summarize the possible roles of cAMP signaling in regulating the functions of astrocytes. Specifically, we introduce the ways in which cAMP pathways are involved in astrocyte functions, including (1) energy supply, (2) maintenance of the extracellular environment, (3) immune response, and (4) a potential role as a provider of trophic factors, and we discuss how these cAMP-regulated processes can affect brain functions in health and disease.