'Black Boxes' and 'fracture points': the regulation of gender equality in the UK and French construction industries
'Black Boxes' and 'fracture points': the regulation of gender equality in the UK and French construction industries
复制标题
“黑匣子”与“断裂点”：英国和法国建筑业的性别平等监管
DOI：
10.1080/09585192.2016.1277366
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ackrill R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ackrill R
性别平等是欧盟 (EU) 的一项基本原则，自此一直保留在其政策议程上，但各国和经济部门的政策目标实现情况并不均衡。我们借鉴人力资源管理和政策科学的理论和实证文献，探讨欧盟的性别平等举措及其在建筑业这一几乎没有改善基于性别的就业平等的行业中的实施情况。为了帮助理解造成这种情况的可能原因，我们比较了两个国家的做法和经验；英国和法国。在这两个行业，建筑业仍然完全由男性主导，女性主要担任支持和行政职务。我们采用欧洲化的概念，提供一个分析框架来了解政策目标与实际实施之间的潜在差距，同时比较方法使我们能够了解不同国家实施欧盟政策的方法是否有助于解释这些政策失败。我们确定了三个潜在的“断裂点”，其中政策传导和制定可能会出现中断：欧盟和国家层面之间；国家级和行业级之间；以及行业本身。我们确定了需要进一步研究的领域，在这些领域中解开政策制定和行业实践的“黑匣子”，可以帮助更有效地确定政策目标，以实现性别平等的政策目标。
Gender equality was a founding principle of the European Union (EU) and has remained on its policy agenda ever since, yet delivery of policy goals has been uneven across countries and economic sectors. We draw on theoretical and empirical literatures from human resource management and policy science to explore EU gender equality initiatives and their enactment within one sector which has seen virtually no improvements in gender-based employment equality: construction. To help understand the possible reasons for this, we compare practice and experiences in two countries; the UK and France. In both, the construction industry remains resolutely male-dominated, with women employed primarily in support and administrative roles. We deploy the concept of Europeanisation, to provide an analytical framework to understand the potential gaps between policy goals and on-the-ground implementation, whilst a comparative approach allows us to see if different national approaches to EU policy implementation can help explain these policy failures. We identify three potential ‘fracture points’ where breaks in policy transmission and enactment may occur: between the EU and national levels; between the national and industry levels; and within the industry itself. We identify areas for further research, where unpacking the ‘Black Boxes’ of policy development and industry practices, can help more effective policy-targeting to deliver policy goals on gender equality.