Revealing past memories: Proactive interference and ketamine-induced memory deficits
Revealing past memories: Proactive interference and ketamine-induced memory deficits
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0742-07.2008
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Sabolek, Helen R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chrobak, James J.;Hinman, James R.;Sabolek, Helen R.
对经常发生的事件的记忆对类似事件的记忆的干扰很敏感。前摄干扰在空间和时间上独特的事件（“事件”）的记忆测试中起着重要的作用，而且往往未被检验。氯胺酮（NMDA受体拮抗剂）在人类和其他哺乳动物中的治疗诱导了一系列认知缺陷，包括工作记忆和情景记忆的损伤。我们研究了氯胺酮（2.5-100 mg/kg）对延迟匹配位置径向水迷宫任务中记忆获得、提取和保留的影响，该任务可用于评估前摄干扰。氯胺酮（2.5-25 mg/kg，i. p.）在样品试验前20分钟给予，编码受损。在测试试验期间所犯的第一个错误主要是在空间上与目标臂相邻的臂，这表明了一个建立的，但削弱了代表性。样本试验后立即给予氯胺酮（25-100 mg/kg）对保留没有影响。在试验前服用氯胺酮会损害记忆恢复。氯胺酮影响下的第一次错误主要是前一次会议的目标位置。因此，氯胺酮治疗促进了主动干预。这些记忆缺陷不是状态依赖性的，因为在编码和提取时氯胺酮治疗只增加了测试期间的错误数量。这些数据表明，在大鼠的记忆任务的性能不同的记忆表征的竞争性影响。此外，他们还证明了NMDA拮抗剂氯胺酮对编码和提取的微妙破坏性影响。具体而言，氯胺酮治疗中断检索促进前摄干扰从以前的情节表征。
Memories of events that occur often are sensitive to interference from memories of similar events. Proactive interference plays an important and often unexamined role in memory testing for spatially and temporally unique events ("episodes"). Ketamine ( NMDA receptor antagonist) treatment in humans and other mammals induces a constellation of cognitive deficits, including impairments in working and episodic memory. We examined the effects of the ketamine ( 2.5-100 mg/kg) on the acquisition, retrieval, and retention of memory in a delayed-match-to-place radial water maze task that can be used to assess proactive interference. Ketamine ( 2.5-25 mg/kg, i.p.)given 20 min before the sample trial, impaired encoding. The first errors made during the test trial were predominantly to arms located spatially adjacent to the goal arm, suggesting an established albeit weakened representation. Ketamine (25-100 mg/kg) given immediately after the sample trial had no effect on retention. Ketamine given before the test trial impaired retrieval. First errors under the influence of ketamine were predominantly to the goal location of the previous session. Thus, ketamine treatment promoted proactive interference. These memory deficits were not state dependent, because ketamine treatment at both encoding and retrieval only increased the number of errors during the test session. These data demonstrate the competing influence of distinct memory representations during the performance of a memory task in the rat. Furthermore, they demonstrate the subtle disruptive effects of the NMDA antagonist ketamine on both encoding and retrieval. Specifically, ketamine treatment disrupted retrieval by promoting proactive interference from previous episodic representations.