Behavioral and experiential patterns of avoidantly and securely attached women across adulthood: a 31-year longitudinal perspective.
Behavioral and experiential patterns of avoidantly and securely attached women across adulthood: a 31-year longitudinal perspective.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.74.1.211
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Eva C. Klohnen;Stephan Bera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eva C. Klohnen;Stephan Bera
本研究采用31年纵向研究方法，从多个角度对52岁女性的依恋模式进行了研究，包括生活结果、行为和人格特征的观察者描述，以及在21岁、27岁、43岁和52岁收集的工作模式自我报告。来自这些不同数据来源的发现为行为和经验模式在成年后与依恋风格相关的连续性提供了证据。与安全参与者相比，回避型参与者(A)经历了不同的关系轨迹，不那么快乐和不稳定，(B)表现出一致的行为和人格特征，包括观察者评估的人际距离、防御性和脆弱性，(C)报告了以不信任自力更生以及人际和情感距离为特征的独特和纵向一致的内部工作模式，以及(D)童年环境提供的发展密切人际关系的机会较少。
Attachment patterns of women avoidantly or securely attached at age 52 were studied using a 31-year longitudinal design and multiple perspectives, including life outcomes, observer descriptions of behavioral and personality characteristics, and self-reports of working models collected at ages 21, 27, 43, and 52. Findings from these diverse data sources provide evidence for the continuity of the behavioral and experiential patterns associated with attachment styles across adulthood. Avoidant compared with secure participants (a) experienced diverging relationship trajectories that were less happy and less steady, (b) showed a consistent pattern of behavioral and personality characteristics, including interpersonal distance, defensiveness, and vulnerability, as assessed by observers, (c) reported distinct and longitudinal consistent internal working models characterized by distrustful self-reliance and interpersonal and emotional distance, and (d) had childhood environments that afforded fewer opportunities for developing close interpersonal ties.