Grazer avoidance may explain the invasiveness of the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla in Scandinavian waters
Grazer avoidance may explain the invasiveness of the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla in Scandinavian waters
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回避食草动物可能解释了斯堪的纳维亚水域红藻江蓠的入侵性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jonas Vinzent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lars Brammer Nejrup;M. Pedersen;Jonas Vinzent
入侵性红藻江蓠迅速传遍欧洲，但尚不清楚它的成功是基于对环境条件变化的高度耐受性，还是基于缺乏以这种藻类为食的本地食草动物。我们测试了本地无脊椎动物食草动物是否更喜欢本地藻类而不是 G. vermiculophylla。在无选择、二选择和多选择试验中，当提供 G. vermiculophylla 和本地墨角藻、Ceramium virgatum 和石莼时，对三种常见食草动物的摄食偏好进行了量化。当分别喂食每种藻类时，测量了草食动物的生长情况。食草动物在无选择试验中食用 G. vermiculophylla，但在有选择时通常会避免这种藻类。肠伞菌总是优于 G. vermiculophylla，并且用肠伞菌喂养的食草动物比用 G. vermiculophylla 喂养的食草动物生长得更快。我们得出的结论是，食草动物避开大多数本土藻类，这可能有利于北欧河口的 G. vermiculophylla。
The invasive red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla has quickly spread across Europe, but it is unclear whether its success is based on a high tolerance to variations in environmental conditions or to the absence of native grazers that feed on this alga. We tested whether native invertebrate grazers prefer native algae to G. vermiculophylla. Feeding preferences of three common herbivores were quantified when offered G. vermiculophylla and native Fucus vesiculosus, Ceramium virgatum, and Ulva intestinalis in no-, two- and multiple-choice trials. Herbivore growth was measured when fed each of the algae separately. Grazers consumed G. vermiculophylla in no-choice trials, but avoided generally this alga when having a choice. U. intestinalis was always preferred over G. vermiculophylla, and grazers fed with U. intestinalis grew faster than those fed with G. vermiculophylla. We conclude that grazers avoid G. vermiculophylla to most native algae, which may benefit G. vermiculophylla in northern European estuaries.