Natural statistics of depth edges modulate perceptual stability
Natural statistics of depth edges modulate perceptual stability
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DOI：
10.1167/jov.20.8.10
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Cooper, Emily A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basgoze, Zeynep;White, David N.;Cooper, Emily A.
双眼融合依赖于两只眼睛中对应于世界上相同物理特征的匹配点；然而，并不是所有的世界特征都是双眼可见的。在深度边缘附近，场景的某些区域通常只有一只眼睛可见（所谓的半遮挡）。准确检测这些单眼可见区域对于稳定的视觉感知可能很重要。如果单眼区域没有被检测到，视觉系统可能会尝试双眼融合非对应点，这可能会导致不稳定的感知。我们研究了这样的假设：视觉系统利用与自然场景中的深度边缘相关的统计规律来帮助双眼融合并促进感知稳定性。通过从大量具有共同配准距离信息的立体自然图像中进行采样，我们发现了证据表明靠近深度边缘的单眼可见区域主要是由背景遮挡造成的。因此，单眼区域往往在视觉上与相邻双眼可见背景区域比与相邻双眼可见前景更加相似。与我们的假设一致，感知实验表明，当深度边缘的图像属性在统计上更有可能出现在自然场景中的概率时（即，当单眼区域在视觉上与双眼背景更相似时），感知往往更稳定。这些结果的普遍性得到了模拟环境参数研究的支持。当双眼和单眼区域都可见时，利用自然环境中的规律可以使视觉系统促进融合和感知稳定性。
Binocular fusion relies on matching points in the two eyes that correspond to the same physical feature in the world; however, not all world features are binocularly visible. Near depth edges, some regions of a scene are often visible to only one eye (so-called half occlusions). Accurate detection of these monocularly visible regions is likely to be important for stable visual perception. If monocular regions are not detected as such, the visual system may attempt to binocularly fuse non-corresponding points, which can result in unstable percepts. We investigated the hypothesis that the visual system capitalizes on statistical regularities associated with depth edges in natural scenes to aid binocular fusion and facilitate perceptual stability. By sampling from a large set of stereoscopic natural images with co-registered distance information, we found evidence that monocularly visible regions near depth edges primarily result from background occlusions. Accordingly, monocular regions tended to be more visually similar to the adjacent binocularly visible background region than to the adjacent binocularly visible foreground. Consistent with our hypothesis, perceptual experiments showed that perception tended to be more stable when the image properties of the depth edge were statistically more likely given the probability of occurrence in natural scenes (i.e., when monocular regions were more visually similar to the binocular background). The generality of these results was supported by a parametric study with simulated environments. Exploiting regularities in natural environments may allow the visual system to facilitate fusion and perceptual stability when both binocular and monocular regions are visible.