Higher plasticity in ecophysiological traits enhances the performance and invasion success of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) in alpine environments
Higher plasticity in ecophysiological traits enhances the performance and invasion success of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) in alpine environments
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10530-011-0055-2
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
M. Molina‐Montenegro;J. Peñuelas;S. Munné‐Bosch;J. Sardans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Molina‐Montenegro;J. Peñuelas;S. Munné‐Bosch;J. Sardans
长期以来，表型可塑性一直被认为有助于生物在变化的环境中入侵，使物种保持良好的生态生理性能。高山栖息地对于评估环境条件在定植和入侵过程中的相对重要性特别有用，因为它们具有异质性和紧张的气候条件，诱导光抑制。光强是沿海拔梯度变化最大的条件之一，在海拔越高，变异性越大。在本研究中，我们分析了侵入性蒲公英的光保护策略和性能的可塑性。此外，我们还测试了较高的可塑性是否能增强高山环境下的竞争能力。我们用第二代（F2） ofT进行了实验来评估可塑性。在海拔1600米至3600米的温室中，光照强度变化较大。处理包括将120个个体从每个海拔转移到两个光强条件下。然后，我们记录了光保护色素的浓度、叶黄素循环的去环氧化状态、叶面角度、光系统II的荧光光化学效率、总干生物量和花产量。此外，我们比较了两种材料在光保护和性能方面的可塑性。和共同发生的本地物种黄斑蝶。最后，我们在两种光照条件下进行了操作实验，以评估侵入性et之间的竞争结果。官员和本地人。thrincioides。高海拔个体的可塑性显著高于低海拔个体。同样，高光强下的个体表现出更高的光保护色素、生物量和花产量。另一方面，入侵物种的可塑性显著高于共生的本土物种，并对本土植物的生物量产生强烈的负面影响。表型可塑性似乎是一种成功的策略。Officinaleto与本地物种竞争，可能与入侵的成功正相关，在更异质和压力更大的环境中个体更大。
Phenotypic plasticity has long been suggested to facilitate biological invasions in changing environments, allowing a species to maintain a good ecophysiological performance. High-mountain habitats have been particularly useful for evaluation of the relative importance of environmental conditions in the colonization and invasion process, because they have heterogeneous and stressful climatic conditions, inducing photoinhibition. Light intensity is one of the most changing conditions along altitudinal gradients, showing more variability in higher altitudes. In this study, we analyzed the plasticity in photoprotective strategies and performance of the invasiveTaraxacum officinale. Additionally, we tested whether higher plasticity enhances competitive ability in an alpine environment We conducted an experiment to evaluate plasticity with a second generation (F2) ofT. officinaleindividuals from 1,600 to 3,600 m, in a greenhouse with variation in light intensity. Treatments consisted of transferring 120 individuals from each altitude to two conditions of light intensity. We then recorded concentrations of photoprotection pigment, de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, foliar angles, photochemical efficiency by fluorescence of photosystem II, total dry biomass and flower production. Additionally, we compared plasticity in both photoprotective and performance traits betweenT. officinaleand the co-occurring native speciesHypochaeris thrincioides. Finally, we performed a manipulative experiment under two light regimes in order to assess the competitive outcome between the invasiveT. officinaleand the nativeH. thrincioides. Individuals from higher altitude showed significantly greater plasticity than individuals from lower altitude. Similarly, individuals under high light intensity showed higher levels of photoprotective pigments, biomass and flower production. On the other hand, the invasive plant species showed significantly greater plasticity than the co-occurring native species, and a strong negative impact on the biomass of the native plant. Phenotypic plasticity seems to be a successful strategy inT. officinaleto compete with native species and may be positively associated with the success of invasions, being greater in individuals from more heterogeneous and stressful environments.