The impact of different soil moisture and soil compaction on the growth of triticale root system
The impact of different soil moisture and soil compaction on the growth of triticale root system
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DOI：
10.1007/s11738-002-0059-8
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Stabryla, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grzesiak, S;Grzesiak, MT;Stabryla, J
研究了不同土壤水分(土壤旱涝)和土壤紧实度(1.33和1.50g·cm~(-3))对小黑麦4个育种类型和7个品种根系生长和形态性状的影响。生长在不同土壤水分和致密土壤中的植物会发生形态变化，包括限制侧根的伸长、膨大和增殖。调查包括通过测定根系中特定成分的数量、长度和干物质，对发达的植物根系进行定量和定性分析。结果表明，小黑麦根系的习性存在较广泛的差异。与对照相比，在土壤紧实和土壤水分低或高的条件下生长的植株表现出较少的侧枝数量和较少的干物质。土壤紧实和干旱条件对根系生长的不利影响大于受涝植物。在干旱敏感品系中，所有处理的观察效果都比较明显。与干旱敏感型相比，抗旱型在胁迫条件下具有更广泛的生根范围和较小的根系形态变化。结果表明，CHD-12和CHD-173这两个对干旱敏感性较高的育种类型对周期性土壤水分过剩也更为敏感。较高的水分利用效率和较低的冠根比(SIR)是育种类型(CHD-220和CHD-247)具有较高抗逆性的主要原因。所考察的育种形式和品种对干旱或内涝条件的反应不同的原因可能是抗旱形式和品种中更经济的水分平衡和更有利的地上部和根部尺寸的关系。结果表明，小黑麦根系形态性状可作为玉米育种的直接或间接选择指标。
Effects of different soil moisture (soil drought and waterlogging) and soil compaction (1.33 and 1.50 g.cm(-3)) on the growth and morphological traits of the root system were studied in four breeding forms and seven cultivars; of triticale. Morphological changes, including the restriction of root extension, expansion and proliferation of laterals roots, occur in plants grown in different soil moisture and in compact soil. The investigations comprised quantitative and qualitative analyses of a developed plant root system through determining the number, length and dry matter of the particular components of the root system.Obtained results have demonstrated a relatively broad variation in the habit of the triticale root system. Plants grown under compact soil and low or high soil water content showed a smaller number and less dry matter of lateral branching than plants grown in control conditions. The harmful effect of compact soil and drought conditions on the growth of roots was greater when compared with that of plants exposed to water-logging. The observed effects of all treatments were more distinct in a drought sensitive strains. The drought resistant forms were a more characterize with extensive rooting and by smaller alterations in the root morphology under the stress conditions compared with drought sensitive one. Results confirm that the breeding forms (CHD-12 and CHD-173) of a high drought susceptibility was found to be also more sensitive to periodical soil water excess. A more efficient water use and a lower shoot to root (SIR) ratio were found to be major reasons for a higher stress resistance of the breeding forms (CHD-220 and CHD-247). The reasons for a different response of the examined breeding forms and cultivars to the conditions of drought or waterlogging may be a more economical water balance and more favourable relations between the shoot and root dimensions in the drought resistant forms and cultivars. The results suggest that the morphological traits of the triticale root system may be used in practice as direct or indirect selection criteria in maize breeding.