Effects of target-masker contextual similarity on the multimasker penalty in a three-talker diotic listening task
Effects of target-masker contextual similarity on the multimasker penalty in a three-talker diotic listening task
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DOI：
10.1121/1.3479547
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Simpson, Brian D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iyer, Nandini;Brungart, Douglas S.;Simpson, Brian D.
在许多多说话者收听任务中，当干扰说话者的数量从一个增加到两个时发生的性能下降远大于从信噪比（SNR）的相应降低预测的性能下降。在这个实验中，各种语境相关的语音掩蔽，语境无关的语音掩蔽和非语音掩蔽被用来检查的影响，干扰声源的特性对这种“多掩蔽惩罚的大小。“结果表明，只有在满足两个特定条件的情况下才会发生显着的多掩蔽惩罚：1）刺激包含至少一个与背景相关的掩蔽物，可能与目标混淆; 2）目标相对于组合掩蔽物刺激的信噪比小于0 dB。值得注意的是，在一个掩蔽语与上下文相关的情况下，第二个掩蔽语的具体特征对多掩蔽语惩罚的大小几乎没有影响。事实上，当对结果进行随机猜测校正时，三个上下文相关的谈话者与两个上下文相关的谈话者和一个不相关的谈话者之间的表现基本上没有差异。第二个实验的结果表明，即使在发生多询问者惩罚的情况下，听众通常也能够听到所有三个谈话者所说的关键词，这意味着惩罚的主要原因是听众使用韵律线索和语音特征将目标短语中不同点的单词联系在一起的能力下降。(C)2010年美国声学学会。[DOI 10.1121/1.3479547]
In many multitalker listening tasks, the degradation in performance that occurs when the number of interfering talkers increases from one to two is much larger than would be predicted from the corresponding decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this experiment, a variety of contextually-relevant speech maskers, contextually-irrelevant speech maskers and non-speech maskers were used to examine the impact that the characteristics of the interfering sound sources have on the magnitude of this "multimasker penalty." The results show that a significant multimasker penalty only occurred in cases where two specific conditions were met: 1) the stimulus contained at least one contextually-relevant masker that could be confused with the target; and 2) the signal-to-noise ratio of the target relative to the combined masker stimulus was less than 0 dB. Remarkably, in cases where one masker was contextually relevant, the specific characteristics of the second masker had virtually no impact on the size of the multimasker penalty. Indeed, when the results were corrected for random guessing, there was essentially no difference in performance between conditions with three contextually-relevant talkers and those with two contextually-relevant talkers and one irrelevant talker. The results of a second experiment suggest that the listeners are generally able to hear keywords spoken by all three talkers even in situations where the multimasker penalty occurs, implying that the primary cause of the penalty is a degradation in the listener's ability to use prosodic cues and voice characteristics to link together words spoken at different points in the target phrase. (C) 2010 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3479547]