Influence of difloxacin-contaminated manure on microbial community structure and function in soils
Influence of difloxacin-contaminated manure on microbial community structure and function in soils
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DOI：
10.1007/s00374-010-0517-1
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Anja Kotzerke;Ute Hammesfahr;K. Kleineidam;M. Lamshöft;S. Thiele-Bruhn;M. Schloter;B. Wilke
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文献类型：
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作者：
Anja Kotzerke;Ute Hammesfahr;K. Kleineidam;M. Lamshöft;S. Thiele-Bruhn;M. Schloter;B. Wilke
双氟沙星（DIF）属于氟喹诺酮类抗生素，是环境中常见的一类抗生素。它在很大程度上通过猪粪排泄，因此可能通过施肥以潜在有效浓度进入土壤。本研究的目的是评估DIF加标粪肥对微生物群落和土壤中选定功能的影响，在一个缩影实验长达1个月后的应用。为了测试效应的剂量依赖性，使用了三种不同浓度的DIF（1、10和100 mg/kg土壤）。施用纯肥料的微生态系统以及未处理的微生态系统作为对照。纯有机肥的添加导致微生物生物量和土壤呼吸的增加，以及减少细菌/真菌的比例。由于DIF的快速和强固定，抗生素化合物的效果仅在施用后8天内可见（微生物生物量;呼吸作用;潜在的反硝化作用;细菌/真菌的比率）。正如预期的那样，这些短期影响导致潜在的反硝化速率降低，以及在DIF的处理中细菌/真菌比例降低。令人惊讶的是，微生物生物量值以及呼吸速率增加DIF应用。其他参数，如土壤中的硝酸盐和铵含量在任何时间点DIF应用没有影响。长期影响（施用后32天）仅对潜在硝化速率可见。对于受DIF应用影响的那些参数，无法描述明确的剂量依赖性。
Difloxacin (DIF) belongs to the fluoroquinolones, a frequently detected group of antibiotics in the environment. It is excreted in pig manure to a large extent and may consequently reach soils in potentially effective concentrations via manuring. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of DIF-spiked manure on microbial communities and selected functions in soils in a microcosm experiment up to 1 month after application. To test a dose dependency of the effects, three different concentrations of DIF (1, 10 and 100 mg/kg of soil) were used. Microcosms with application of pure manure, as well as untreated microcosms served as control. The addition of pure manure resulted in an increase of microbial biomass and soil respiration as well as a reduced bacteria/fungi ratio. Due to the fast and strong immobilisation of DIF, effects of the antbiotic compound were only visible up to 8 days after application (microbial biomass; respiration; potential denitrification; ratio of bacteria/fungi). As expected these short-term effects resulted in reduced potential denitrification rates as well as a reduced bacteria/fungal ratio in the treatments were DIF has been applied. Surprisingly, microbial biomass values as well as respiration rates were increased by DIF application. Other parameters like nitrate and ammonium content in soil were not influenced by DIF application at any time point. Long-term effects (32 days after application) were only visible for the potential nitrification rates. For those parameters that were influenced by the DIF application a clear dose dependency could not be described.