Eco-evolutionary dynamics in a changing world
Eco-evolutionary dynamics in a changing world
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06419.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hanski, Ilkka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hanski, Ilkka
快速进化变化在自然种群中很常见，尽管快速进化的时期通常不会持续很长时间，而且通常与环境变化有关。在此期间，进化动态可能会影响生态种群动态，反之亦然。该综述涉及空间生态进化动力学，重点关注边缘生境中物种的出现和异质环境中的集合种群。在这两种情况下，扩散和基因流动都是关键过程，将人口和进化动态相互联系起来，促进但也限制了当前生态位和物种地理范围的扩大，并决定了在不同环境中适应的空间规模和模式。生态进化集合种群模型有助于解释物种对栖息地丧失和片断化的不同反应。生态进化动力学可以促进物种在不断变化的环境中的持久性，但通常进化反应只能部分补偿不利环境变化的负面生态后果。
Fast evolutionary changes are common in natural populations, though episodes of rapid evolution do not generally last for long and are typically associated with changing environments. During such periods, evolutionary dynamics may influence ecological population dynamics and vice versa. This review is concerned with spatial eco-evolutionary dynamics with a focus on the occurrence of species in marginal habitats and on metapopulations inhabiting heterogeneous environments. Dispersal and gene flow are key processes in both cases, linking demographic and evolutionary dynamics to each other, facilitating but also constraining the expansion of the current niche and the geographical range of species and determining the spatial scale and pattern of adaptation in heterogeneous environments. An eco-evolutionary metapopulation model helps explain the contrasting responses of species to habitat loss and fragmentation. Eco-evolutionary dynamics may facilitate the persistence of species in changing environments, but typically the evolutionary response only partially compensates for the negative ecological consequences of adverse environmental changes.