Social and economic aspects of immigration
Social and economic aspects of immigration
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1425.021
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
King, Rosalind Berkowitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clark, Rebecca L.;King, Rosalind Berkowitz
美国外国出生人口的绝对规模处于历史最高水平，但与20世纪初相比，外国出生人口比例和移民家庭子女比例均不高。虽然移民和移民家庭儿童的贫困率很高，但贫困主要集中在某些群体，特别是西班牙裔和黑人、非公民和新移民。随着移居美国以及在美国停留时间的增加，移民的总体经济福祉会得到改善。然而，移民在医疗保险覆盖范围方面仍然处于不利地位。自 20 世纪 60 年代末以来，尽管移民男性的劳动力参与率较高且移民家庭中单亲家庭的比例较低，但移民家庭中儿童的经济状况却有所下降。尽管如此，移民家庭的孩子至少和本土家庭的孩子一样健康，而且不太可能从事危险行为。考虑到社会经济因素，移民家庭的孩子和其他学校的孩子一样。由于主要数据集中缺乏有关合法移民的合法身份和签证状态的信息，以及纵向数据的可用性有限，对移民社会经济福祉的分析受到阻碍。
The absolute size of the foreign-born U.S. population is at a historical high, but neither the share of the population that is foreign born nor the share of children in immigrant families is high compared with the beginning of the 20th century. While poverty rates for immigrants and children in immigrant families are substantial, poverty is concentrated among certain groups, particularly Hispanics and blacks, non-citizens, and recent arrivals. The general economic well-being of immigrants improves with the move to the United States and as time in the United States increases. However, immigrants remain disadvantaged in terms of health insurance coverage. The economic situation of children in immigrant families has declined since the late 1960s, despite the high labor force participation of immigrant men and the lower prevalence of single-parent households among immigrant families. Still, children in immigrant families are at least as healthy as children in native families and are less likely to engage in risky behaviors. With socioeconomic factors taken into account, children in immigrant families do as well as other children in school. Analyses of the socioeconomic well-being of immigrants have been hampered by lack of information in major data sets about legal status and about the visa status of legally present immigrants, as well as by limited availability of longitudinal data.