Sequences of seismic and aseismic slip on bimaterial faults show dominant rupture asymmetry and potential for elevated seismic hazard

Sequences of seismic and aseismic slip on bimaterial faults show dominant rupture asymmetry and potential for elevated seismic hazard
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双物质断层上的地震和抗震滑移序列显示出主要的破裂不对称性和潜在的地震危险性升高

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117648
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Elbanna, Ahmed
Elbanna, Ahmed
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abdelmeguid, Mohamed;Elbanna, Ahmed

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本文在二维平面应变近似下,对分离不同材料的平面速率断层和状态断层上的地震序列和非线性滑动序列进行了数值模拟。我们解决了地震周期的所有阶段,从无源滑动到快速破裂,同时将地震事件传播过程中的全惯性效应。我们发现,双材料耦合的结果在有利的成核位置和随后的不对称破裂传播。我们证明,增加材料对比度增强这种不对称性,导致更高的滑移率和正常的应力下降的首选破裂传播方向。由双材料效应引起的正应力下降导致断层的强烈动态弱化,并可能使非均匀速率和状态断层上的蠕变区域不稳定,从而导致扩展破裂传播。这样的破裂渗透到蠕动的补丁可能会导致更频繁地打开地震门,造成地震危险增加。此外,双材料耦合可能会导致不规则的地震活动模式的事件长度,峰值滑动率,和震源位置,取决于边界的地震活动部分的断层蠕动补丁的属性。我们的研究结果突出了强大的双材料界面,持续在长时间的事件序列的特点,并建议需要进一步探索的作用,材料对比度在地震物理和地震灾害模型。
We perform numerical simulations of sequences of earthquake and aseismic slip on planar rate and state faults separating dissimilar material within the 2-D plane strain approximation. We resolve all stages of the earthquake cycle from aseismic slip to fast ruptures while incorporating full inertia effects during seismic event propagation. We show that bimaterial coupling results in favorable nucleation site and subsequent asymmetric rupture propagation. We demonstrate that increasing the material contrast enhances this asymmetry leading to higher slip rates and normal stress drops in the preferred rupture propagation direction. The normal stress drop, induced by the bimaterial effect, leads to strong dynamic weakening of the fault and may destabilize the creeping region on a heterogeneous rate and state fault, resulting in extended rupture propagation. Such rupture penetration into creeping patches may lead to more frequent opening of earthquake gates, causing increased seismic hazard. Furthermore, bimaterial coupling may lead to irregular seismicity pattern in terms of event length, peak slip rates, and hypocenter location, depending on the properties of the creeping patches bordering the seismogenically active part of the fault. Our results highlight robust characteristics of bimaterial interfaces that persist over long sequence of events and suggest the need for further exploration of the role of material contrast in earthquake physics and models of seismic hazard.
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