Space-Confined Atomic Clusters Catalyze Superassembly of Silicon Nanodots within Carbon Frameworks for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Space-Confined Atomic Clusters Catalyze Superassembly of Silicon Nanodots within Carbon Frameworks for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.201915502
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发表时间：
2020-01-21
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Yang, Jinhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Bingjie;Zu, Lianhai;Yang, Jinhu
将纳米级Si以高分散性分散到碳基质中对于制备锂离子电池（LIB）是期望的，但仍然具有挑战性。提出了一种空间受限的催化策略，通过三苯基氢化锡（TPT）和二苯基硅烷（DPS）的共热解，在碳（Si NDs的C子集）框架内直接超组装Si纳米点，其中由TPT热解产生的Sn原子簇作为DPS热解和Si催化生长的催化剂。Sn原子簇催化剂的使用改变了反应途径，以避免SiC的产生，并能够形成具有减小的尺寸的Si ND。C骨架的典型Si ND子集表现出与其他Si基高性能半LIB相当的显著综合性能，以及与商业全LIB相比更高的能量密度，这是由于Si ND的高分散性和低锂化应力。在力学模拟的支持下，本研究为构建适用于未来能源技术的Si/C复合材料铺平了道路。
Incorporating nanoscale Si into a carbon matrix with high dispersity is desirable for the preparation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but remains challenging. A space-confined catalytic strategy is proposed for direct superassembly of Si nanodots within a carbon (Si NDs subset of C) framework by copyrolysis of triphenyltin hydride (TPT) and diphenylsilane (DPS), where Sn atomic clusters created from TPT pyrolysis serve as the catalyst for DPS pyrolysis and Si catalytic growth. The use of Sn atomic cluster catalysts alters the reaction pathway to avoid SiC generation and enable formation of Si NDs with reduced dimensions. A typical Si NDs subset of C framework demonstrates a remarkable comprehensive performance comparable to other Si-based high-performance half LIBs, and higher energy densities compared to commercial full LIBs, as a consequence of the high dispersity of Si NDs with low lithiation stress. Supported by mechanic simulations, this study paves the way for construction of Si/C composites suitable for applications in future energy technologies.