What is the significance of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in hemodialysis patients?
What is the significance of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in hemodialysis patients?
复制标题
金黄色葡萄球菌定植对血液透析患者有何意义？
作者：
NarasimhaKrishna,Vinay;Allon,Michael
感染是血液透析患者住院和死亡的第二大原因，仅次于心血管疾病[1]。金黄色葡萄球菌(S.金黄色葡萄球菌）感染在血液透析人群中极为常见，其在血液透析人群中的发生率比在一般人群中观察到的发生率高100倍[1]。这些感染通常会导致严重的医疗并发症、住院时间延长和经济成本高昂[2]。S.金黄色葡萄球菌定植和感染仍然是正在进行的争论的主题。来自世界各地的许多研究已经证明了S.血液透析（HD）患者中的金黄色葡萄球菌定植率（表1）远远超过了在一般人群中观察到的定植率[1]。导致这种高定植率的因素包括患者的免疫功能低下状态，以及他们频繁的住院和手术。由于频繁使用抗菌药物以及定期暴露于医疗保健系统，血液透析人群特别容易定植MRSA [1]。
Infection is the second leading cause of hospitalization and mortality among hemodialysis patients after cardiovascular disease [1]. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections are extremely common in the hemodialysis population, and their incidence is 100-fold greater in the hemodialysis population than that observed in the general population [1]. These infections often result in major medical complications, prolonged hospital stays, and high economic costs [2]. The relationship between S. aureus colonization and infection remains a subject of ongoing debate. Numerous studies from around the world have documented a high prevalence of S. aureus colonization in hemodialysis (HD) patients (table 1), at a rate, which far exceeds that observed in the general population [1]. Factors contributing to this high rate of colonization include the patients' immunocompromised state, as well as their frequent hospitalizations and surgeries. The hemodialysis population is particularly susceptible to colonization with MRSA as a consequence of the frequent administration of antimicrobial agents, as well as regular exposure to health care systems [1].