Contemporary Capitalism: Beneficial Constraints: On the Economic Limits of Rational Voluntarism
Contemporary Capitalism: Beneficial Constraints: On the Economic Limits of Rational Voluntarism
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当代资本主义：有益的约束：论理性唯意志主义的经济限制
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发表时间：
1997
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Streeck
中科院分区：
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作者：
W. Streeck
经济学家成功地说服了大多数人，随着社会对自利理性行为的限制消除，经济表现会有所改善。在这篇文章中，我想论证的是，相反，对利益最大化行为的理性意志主义的社会制度约束可能是经济上有益的，而且对这一点的系统认识肯定会对经济理论和经济政策行为产生深远的影响。请注意，我指的不是社会，而是社会约束的经济利益，是约束而不是选择。换句话说，我不是在讨论社会是否可以或不应该出于道德原因对经济行为施加约束；就连大多数经济学家也同意，不应该允许人们出售和购买婴儿，无论这是不是各方的自由意愿和被认为是理性的利益。我主张的是经济仁慈，而不是个人自由，而是对个人意志和对自身利益的追求的限制。我主张，为了支持高经济表现，一个社会需要一种能力来阻止优势--最大化地让理性的个人做他们喜欢做的事情，或者强迫他们做他们不愿做的事情。有人认为，社会制度约束理性意志主义者对经济优势的追求，从而干预市场的传播和运行，这可能是经济上有益的，这直接挑战了主流经济学的主要前提及其自由放任的概念遗产，并直击自由个人主义的黑暗核心。
Economists have succeeded in persuading most people that the performance of an economy improves as social constraints on self-interested rational action are removed. In this essay I wish to argue that, to the contrary, socially institutionalized constraints on the rational voluntarism of interest-maximizing behavior may be economically beneficial, and that systematic recognition of this must have far-reaching implications for both economic theory and the conduct of economic policy. Note that I am referring not to social but to economic benefits of social constraints, and to constraint rather than choice. In other words, I am not discussing whether or not societies may or should impose constraints on economic behavior for moral reasons ; even most economists agree that people should not be allowed to sell and buy babies, regardless of whether this was the free will and perceived rational interest of all parties involved. And I am arguing for the economic benevolence not of individual freedom, but of limitations on individual volition and the pursuit of self-interest . To support high economic performance, I am claiming, a society requires a capacity to prevent advantage-maximizing rational individuals from doing things that they would prefer to do, or to force them to do things that they would prefer not to do. The suggestion that social institutions constraining the rational voluntarist pursuit of economic advantage, and thereby interfering with the spread and operation of markets , may be economically beneficial directly contests the leading premises of mainstream economics with its laissez-faire conceptual heritage, and strikes right into the heart of darkness of liberal individualism.