A Companion to Experimental Philosophy
A Companion to Experimental Philosophy
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实验哲学的伴侣
DOI：
10.1002/9781118661666.ch6
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anstey P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anstey P
17世纪中叶，英国出现了一场自封的实验哲学家运动。它起源于伦敦皇家学会会员中的自然哲学学科，很快传播到医学，并在18世纪影响了道德哲学、政治哲学和美学。早期的现代实验哲学家把认知优先于观察和实验，而不是理论化和思辨。他们谴责在不求助于实验的情况下使用假说和建立系统，并在某些方面发展了一种实验哲学。在18世纪，这场运动蔓延到荷兰、法国和德国。它在早期现代哲学中的重要作用随后因康德史学的广泛采用而黯然失色，康德史学强调理性主义和经验主义之间的区别，没有早期现代实验哲学的位置。对早期现代实验哲学的兴趣的重新出现，大致与当代x-phi的发展相吻合。这两者之间有一些重要的相似之处。
In the mid‐seventeenth century a movement of self‐styled experimental philosophers emerged in Britain. Originating in the discipline of natural philosophy amongst Fellows of the Royal Society of London, it soon spread to medicine and by the eighteenth century had impacted moral philosophy, political philosophy, and aesthetics. Early modern experimental philosophers gave epistemic priority to observation and experiment over theorising and speculation. They decried the use of hypotheses and system‐building without recourse to experiment and, in some quarters, developed a philosophy of experiment. In the eighteenth century, the movement spread to the Netherlands, France, and Germany. Its important role in early modern philosophy was subsequently eclipsed by the widespread adoption of the Kantian historiography, which emphasised the distinction between rationalism and empiricism and had no place for early modern experimental philosophy. The re‐emergence of interest in early modern experimental philosophy roughly coincided with the development of contemporary x‐phi. There are some important similarities between the two.