Risk of overweight among adolescents who were breastfed as infants
Risk of overweight among adolescents who were breastfed as infants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1001/jama.285.19.2461
复制
发表时间：
2001-05-16
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Colditz, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gillman, MW;Rifas-Shiman, SL;Colditz, GA
背景 青春期超重可预测短期和长期发病率以及成年期肥胖。青少年超重的患病率很高，并且还在持续增加。生理和行为机制以及初步流行病学数据表明，母乳喂养可以降低青春期随后发生肥胖的风险。 目的 探讨青少年超重状况与婴儿喂养类型（母乳与婴儿配方奶粉）和母乳喂养持续时间的关系。 设计、背景和受试者对 8186 名 9 至 14 岁女孩和 7155 名男孩进行调查 年，他们是“今日成长研究”的参与者，这是一项关于饮食、活动和生长的全国性队列研究。 1996 年秋天，我们向每个受试者邮寄了一份调查问卷，1997 年春天，我们向他们的母亲邮寄了一份补充调查问卷，她们是护士健康研究 II 的参与者。 主要结果测量 超重状态定义为体重指数超过美国国家数据中年龄和性别的第 95 个百分位。结果 在生命的前 6 个月，9553 名受试者 (62%) 仅或大部分处于 喂养母乳，4744 人（31%）仅或大部分喂养婴儿配方奶粉。共有 7186 名受试者（48%）母乳喂养至少 7 个月，而 4613 名受试者（31%）母乳喂养 3 个月或更短时间。在 9 至 14 岁年龄段，有 404 名女孩（5%）和 635 名男孩（9%）超重。在调整了年龄、性别、性成熟度、能量摄入、看电视时间、体力活动、母亲体重指数和其他反映社会、经济和生活方式因素的变量后，仅或大部分喂养母乳的受试者与仅或大部分喂养配方奶的受试者相比，超重的比值比 (OR) 为 0.78（95% 置信区间 [CI]，0.66-0.91）。与母乳喂养 3 个月或更少的受试者相比，母乳喂养至少 7 个月的受试者超重的调整 OR 为 0.80（95% CI，0.67-0.96）。引入固体食物、婴儿配方奶粉或牛奶的时间与超重风险无关。 结论 母乳喂养多于婴儿配方奶粉的婴儿，或母乳喂养时间较长的婴儿，在儿童期和青春期较大的时候，超重的风险较低。
Context Overweight during adolescence predicts short- and long-term morbidity as well as obesity in adulthood. The prevalence of overweight among adolescents is high and continues to increase. Physiological and behavioral mechanisms and preliminary epidemiologic data suggest that breastfeeding could lower the risk of subsequent obesity in adolescence.Objective To examine the extent to which overweight status among adolescents is associated with the type of infant feeding (breast milk vs infant formula) and duration of breastfeeding.Design, Setting, and Subjects Survey of 8186 girls and 7155 boys, aged 9 to 14 years, who are participants in the Growing Up Today Study, a nationwide cohort study of diet, activity, and growth. In the fall of 1996 we mailed a questionnaire to each of the subjects, and in the spring of 1997, we mailed a supplemental questionnaire to their mothers, who are participants in the Nurses' Health Study II.Main Outcome Measure Overweight status defined as body mass index exceeding the 95th percentile for age and sex from US national data.Results In the first 6 months of life, 9553 subjects (62%) were only or mostly fed breast milk, and 4744 (31%) were only or mostly fed infant formula. A total of 7186 subjects (48%) were breastfed for at least 7 months while 4613 (31%) were breastfed for 3 months or less. At ages 9 to 14 years, 404 girls (5%) and 635 boys (9%) were overweight. Among subjects who had been only or mostly fed breast milk, compared with those only or mostly fed formula, the odds ratio (OR) for being overweight was 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.91), after adjustment for age, sex, sexual maturity, energy intake, time watching television, physical activity, mother's body mass index, and other variables reflecting social, economic, and lifestyle factors. Compared with subjects who had been breastfed for 3 months or less, those who had been breastfed for at least 7 months had an adjusted OR for being overweight of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.67-0.96). Timing of introduction of solid foods, infant formula, or cow's milk was not related to risk of being overweight,Conclusion Infants who were fed breast milk more than infant formula, or who were breastfed for longer periods, had a lower risk of being overweight during older childhood and adolescence.