Lodging resistance characteristics of high-yielding rice populations
Lodging resistance characteristics of high-yielding rice populations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2014.01.012
复制
发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Ding, Yanfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Jun;Li, Ganghua;Ding, Yanfeng
本研究的主要目的是探索提高高产水稻群体抗倒伏性的有效途径，以及不同水稻群体的抗倒伏能力对氮素的反应。大田试验于2011年和2012年在云南桃园和江苏丹阳两个生态试验点进行，中国分别为云南桃园和长江中下游典型生态区。在不同氮素水平下，在每个生态点种植超级杂交籼稻Y两优2号。桃园的住宿指数显著低于丹阳。桃园的茎粗较小，壁厚较薄，但单位叶鞘干重较大，茎基茎中纤维素和木质素的比例较高，提高了茎的强度。基茎节间较短，株高和重心高度较低。另外，施氮量对桃园倒伏指数有显著影响。随着施氮量的增加，株高、重心高度、基茎(茎和叶鞘)单位厘米干重、弯曲应力和碳水化合物含量对氮素的敏感性增加。在丹阳，形态和生理参数对氮素的反应趋于平稳，抗倒性主要与基茎的形态特征有关。这些结果表明，提高高产群体的抗倒性可以通过适当的株高、节间的最佳配置，即较短的基茎和较长的花序梗，以及增加茎的硬度来实现，这主要归因于较高比例的结构性碳水化合物(如纤维素和木质素)和较大的叶鞘饱满度。(C)2014爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The main objectives of this paper were to explore effective ways of improving the lodging resistance of high-yield rice populations and the lodging resistance capacity responses of different rice populations to nitrogen. Field experiments were conducted at the following two eco-sites: Taoyuan (a special high-yield eco-site) in Yunnan province and Danyang (representative eco-site of the middle and lower Yangtze) in Jiangsu province, China in 2011 and 2012. A super indica hybrid rice called 'Y Liangyou 2 ' was grown at each eco-site under different N levels. The lodging index at Taoyuan was significant lower than that at Danyang. The heavier dry weight per cm of leaf sheath and higher proportion of cellulose and lignin in the basal stems enhanced the stem strengths at Taoyuan, in spite of the smaller culm diameter and thinner wall thickness. The shorter elongated internodes of the basal stems were responsible for the lower plant height and the height of center of gravity. In addition, the lodging index at Taoyuan was affected significantly by nitrogen. With increasing nitrogen, the plant height, the height of the center of gravity, dry weight per centimeter (cm) of basal stems (culms and leaf sheaths), bending stress and carbohydrate content were more susceptible to nitrogen. At Danyang, the responses of morphological and physiological parameters to nitrogen tended to level off, the lodging resistance was primarily related to the morphological characteristics of the basal stem. These results suggested that an improvement in the lodging resistance of high-yield rice populations could be achieved by the suitable plant height with the optimum configuration of internodes, namely, shorter basal stems and a longer peduncle, and by increasing stem stiffness, which was primarily attributed to higher proportions of structural carbohydrates (e.g., cellulose and lignin) and greater plumpness of the leaf sheaths. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.