Renal function and renal afferent and efferent nerve activity.
Renal function and renal afferent and efferent nerve activity.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.1982.243.5.f425
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发表时间：
1982-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Moss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Moss
最近的微灌注研究充分证实了儿茶酚胺对肾小管重吸收率的直接作用。令人惊讶的是，这些技术并没有提供关于负责刺激近端肾小管重吸收的肾上腺素受体的性质的一致信息。α-受体和β-受体都被看好扮演这一角色。这些技术证实了早先的报道，即多巴胺可能对肾小管有直接的利钠作用。肾传出神经同时含有去甲肾上腺素能和多巴胺能纤维，这进一步支持了多巴胺参与盐和水排泄的调节。传出肾神经活动受许多不同的传入中枢神经系统的调节。其中之一是肾传入神经，它由化学感受器纤维和机械感受器纤维组成。通过电刺激肾传入神经或选择性刺激肾机械感受器和化学感受器，已经确定了许多不同的影响传出肾神经活动的反射。这些肾反射在协调两个肾脏之间的排泄活动中可能具有重要作用。现就肾神经功能的这些方面的研究作一综述。根据肾神经对肾功能的影响在异常或病理情况下可能更为明显的证据，还讨论了肾神经在清醒动物中的重要性。
Recent microperfusion studies have fully substantiated the direct action of catecholamines on renal tubular reabsorptive rates. Surprisingly, these techniques have not provided consistent information on the nature of the adrenoceptor responsible for the stimulation of proximal tubular reabsorption. Both alpha- and beta-receptors have been favored for this role. These techniques have confirmed earlier reports that dopamine may have a direct natriuretic action on the renal tubules. The demonstration that renal efferent nerves contain both noradrenergic and dopaminergic fibers lends further support for the participation of dopamine in the regulation of salt and water excretion. Efferent renal nerve activity is modulated by a number of different afferent inputs to the central nervous system. One of these is the renal afferent innervation, which is composed of both chemoreceptor and mechanoreceptor fibers. A number of different reflexes that affect efferent renal nerve activity have been identified by electrical stimulation of renal afferent nerves or by selective stimulation of renal mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors. These renorenal reflexes may have importance in the coordination of excretory activity between the two kidneys. Studies of these aspects of renal nerve function are reviewed. The importance of the renal nerves in conscious animals is also discussed in the light of evidence that their influence on renal function may be more apparent in abnormal or pathological circumstances.