From single species surveys towards monitoring of the Barents Sea ecosystem
From single species surveys towards monitoring of the Barents Sea ecosystem
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2017.09.007
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sunnana, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eriksen, E.;Gjosaeter, H.;Sunnana, K.
巴伦支海是一个大的高纬度陆架海，世纪以来一直受到监测和调查。挪威和俄罗斯组织了1 800多次不定期的考察，自1960年代以来，海洋研究所（IMR，卑尔根）和波波维奇海洋渔业和海洋学极地研究所（PINRO，摩尔曼斯克）之间的合作通过制定和执行联合调查得到了加强。监测巴伦支海鱼类种群的变化和收集种群评估所需的信息以及为渔业管理提供咨询意见，是加大海洋研究力度的驱动力。这促使开发了取样和观测方法，设计了使用各种设备和装置的科学研究船，并开发了处理几种样品的新技术。随着数据收集的增加，需要开发复杂的数据库系统和软件，以分析更大的数据集。过去50年来的大规模联合监测，加上过去20年来对海洋生物资源的联合管理，使具有重要商业价值的鱼类种群的生物量很高，从而使巴伦支海的渔业得到成功发展。在这里，我们描述了巴伦支海监测的发展，从单一物种（或渔业）调查，重点是目标物种/群体的综合生态系统调查，旨在描述的状态和主要变化，在巴伦支海生态系统。
The Barents Sea, a large, high-latitude shelf sea, has been monitored and investigated for more than a century. More than 1800 occasional expeditions have been organized both by Norway and Russia, and since the 1960s the collaboration between the Institute of Marine Research (IMR, Bergen) and the Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO, Murmansk) has been strengthened by developing and carrying out joint surveys. Monitoring changes in the Barents Sea fish stocks and collecting information needed for stock assessments and advice for fisheries management were the driving forces behind the increased effort spent on marine research. This triggered the development of sampling and observation methodology, the design of scientific research vessels for using various equipment and gear, and the development of new technologies for processing several types of samples. Increased data collection generated a need for the development of complex database systems and software that, could analyze larger data sets. Joint large-scale monitoring over the last 50 years, together with joint management of living marine resources during the last 20 years, resulted in high stock biomasses of commercially important fish stocks and thus the successful development of fisheries in the Barents Sea. Here, we describe the development of Barents Sea monitoring from single species (or fishery) surveys that were focused on target species/groups to integrated ecosystem surveys that aim to describe the status and main changes in the Barents Sea ecosystem.