Shoaling generates social learning of foraging information in guppies
Shoaling generates social learning of foraging information in guppies
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DOI：
10.1006/anbe.1996.0318
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Williams, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laland, KN;Williams, K
本文报道了两个实验研究，探讨孔雀鱼觅食信息的社会学习。在这两种情况下，未经训练的成年雌性孔雀鱼与受过训练的同种鱼一起游泳进食，并在此过程中学会了一条通往食物来源的路线。在实验1中，受试者被给予5天的经验与示范鱼训练采取两个等效的路线之一的食物。当单独测试时，受试者优先使用他们的示威者的路线。实验2研究了这种社会学习是否可以调解小种群的鱼之间的路线偏好的稳定传输。该实验使用了一种传输链设计，在这种设计中，小创始人种群中的鱼被训练为采取两条路线中的一条，创始人成员逐渐被未经训练的同类所取代。在所有创始成员被移除的三天后，未经训练的鱼类种群仍然对它们的创始者的路线保持强烈的偏好。结果表明，鱼群的倾向可能有助于一种简单的引导性社会学习，这使得孔雀鱼能够了解他们当地的环境。它们还意味着，选择性中立的行为替代品可能会保持作为传统的聚集动物种群非常简单的社会机制。传播链的方法可能是特别有用的研究社会物种，如孔雀鱼，不响应隔离测试。(C)1997年，动物行为研究协会。
Two experimental studies are reported which investigate the social learning of foraging information in guppies, Poecilia reticulata. In both cases, untrained adult female guppies swam with trained conspecifics to feed, and in the process learned a route to a food source. In experiment 1, subjects were given 5 days experience swimming with demonstrator fish trained to take one of two equivalent routes to food. When tested alone, subjects preferentially used the route of their demonstrators. Experiment 2 investigated whether this social learning could mediate the stable transmission of route preferences among small populations of fish. This experiment used a transmission chain design, in which fish in small founder populations were trained to take one of the two routes, with founder members gradually replaced by untrained conspecifics. Three days after all founder members had been removed, populations of untrained fish still maintained strong preferences for the routes of their founders. The results suggest that the tendency to shoal may facilitate a simple form of guided social learning, which allows guppies to learn about their local environments. They also imply that selectively neutral behavioural alternatives may be maintained as traditions in aggregated animal populations by very simple social mechanisms. The transmission chain method may be particularly useful for studying social species, such as the guppy, that do not respond well to isolation testing. (C) 1997 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.