Species diversity of wild edible mushrooms from {\sl Pinus yunnanensis} forests and conservation strategies
Species diversity of wild edible mushrooms from {\sl Pinus yunnanensis} forests and conservation strategies
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DOI：
10.1360/biodiv.040129
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fuqiang Yu;Pei-gui Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fuqiang Yu;Pei-gui Liu
从2000年到2004年，我们研究了云南松林（Pinus yunnanensis）的野生食用菌，这是云南中部和邻近地区的优势植被。共获得和鉴定了776株蘑菇，其中457株来自作者野外调查，167株来自蘑菇市场，152株来自中国科学院昆明植物研究所植物标本室标本。共鉴定出27科43属211个分类群，其中23科35属111个分类群为当地市场上的商品蘑菇。其中，菇科蘑菇占23.23%，其中菇属占15.17%（32种），菇属占8.06%（17种）。物种丰富度居第二位的是菖蒲科，占总种数的19.43%（41种）。其中，口蘑科有17种，Ramariaceae和Suillaceae有11种，Cantharellaceae有9种，分别占总种数的8.06%、5.21%、5.21%和4.27%。云南地方市场野生商品用菌种类有Russula、Boletus、Lactarius、Ramaria、Suillus、Tricholoma、Cantharellus、Thelephora等30余种，占总种数的47.50%。近年来，对野生食用菌需求的增加导致了大规模的商业采收，这导致了食用菌种类的减少。我们呼吁保护这些宝贵的真菌资源及其栖息地。
From 2000 to 2004, we studied wild edible mushrooms collected from forests of Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis), a dominant vegetation in central Yunnan and adjacent regions. A total of 776 mushroom collections were obtained and identified, including 457 from the field investigation of the authors, 167 from mushroom markets, and 152 from specimens in the Herbarium of Cryptogams, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In total, 211 taxa belonging to 43 genera of 27 families were identified, among which 111 taxa in 35 genera of 23 families were commercial mushrooms traded in the local markets. Of these commercial mushrooms, 23.23% belonged to Russulaceae, comprising 15.17% (32 species) from the genus Russula and 8.06% (17 species) from the genus Lactarius. Boletaceae ranked the second in species richness and made up 19.43% (41 species) of the total species. Seventeen species found were from the family Tricholomataceae, 11 from Ramariaceae and Suillaceae, and 9 from Cantharellaceae, sharing 8.06%, 5.21%, 5.21% and 4.27% of the total species, respectively. More than 30 species from the genera Russula, Boletus, Lactarius, Ramaria, Suillus, Tricholoma, Cantharellus, and Thelephora made up 47.50% of the total wild commercial mushroom species in the Yunnan local markets. In recent years, increasing demand for wild edible mushrooms has resulted in largescale commercial harvesting, which has led to a decline of mushroom species. We appeal for protecting these valuable fungal resources and their habitats.