γ-Secretase inhibitors and modulators.

γ-Secretase inhibitors and modulators.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.06.005
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发表时间:
2013-12
期刊:
Biochimica et biophysica acta
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miele L
Miele L
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Golde TE;Koo EH;Felsenstein KM;Osborne BA;Miele L

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γ-分泌酶是一种迷人的多亚基膜内切割蛋白酶,目前被认为是许多疾病的治疗靶点。已经开发了有效的口服生物可利用的γ-分泌酶抑制剂(GSI),并在患有阿尔茨海默病(AD)和癌症的人类中进行了测试。临床前研究还表明GSI在其他疾病中的治疗潜力。然而,由于γ-分泌酶非选择性抑制的内在机制-毒性,GSI的临床开发将需要经验性试验,并仔细评价获益与风险。除了GSI之外,称为γ-分泌酶调节剂(GSM)的化合物仍在开发中作为AD治疗剂。GSM不抑制γ-分泌酶,但调节γ-分泌酶的持续合成能力,从而改变所产生的分泌性淀粉样β肽(Aβ)肽的谱。尽管GSM被认为具有固有的安全作用机制,但其对淀粉样β蛋白前体(APP)以外的底物的影响尚未得到广泛研究。在此,我们将审查目前的发展状况的GSI和GSM和探讨有关的生物学和药理学问题,这些药物用于选择适应症。
γ-Secretase is a fascinating, multi-subunit, intramembrane-cleaving protease that is now being considered as a therapeutic target for a number of diseases. Potent, orally bioavailable γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) have been developed and tested in humans with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer. Preclinical studies also suggest the therapeutic potential for GSIs in other disease conditions. However, due to inherent mechanism based-toxicity of non-selective inhibition of γ-secretase, clinical development of GSIs will require empirical testing with careful evaluation of benefit versus risk. In addition to GSIs, compounds referred to as γ-secretase modulators (GSMs) remain in development as AD therapeutics. GSMs do not inhibit γ-secretase, but modulate γ-secretase processivity and thereby shift the profile of the secreted amyloid β peptides (Aβ) peptides produced. Although GSMs are thought to have an inherently safe mechanism of action, their effects on substrates other than the amyloid β protein precursor (APP) have not been extensively investigated. Herein, we will review the current state of development of GSIs and GSMs and explore pertinent biological and pharmacological questions pertaining to the use of these agents for select indications.
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