Risk factors for pilot fatalities in general aviation airplane crash landings.
Risk factors for pilot fatalities in general aviation airplane crash landings.
复制标题
通用航空飞机迫降飞行员死亡的危险因素。
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Mueller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Rostykus;P. Cummings;B. Mueller
上下文
大多数飞行员在小型飞机的坠机着陆中幸存下来。与飞行员死亡有关的因素尚未得到很好的研究。
目的
确定与通用航空飞机坠毁着陆中死亡相关的因素。
设计
病例对照研究。
设置
美国的
科目
从1983年到1992年，通用航空的所有飞行员都是10个座位或更少的飞机坠毁。
主要观察指标
飞行员死亡
结果
在8411次坠机着陆中，有437次（5.2%）飞行员死亡。地面火灾或爆炸与飞行员死亡密切相关（相对危险度[RR]，20.4; 95%置信区间[CI]，15.5-26.9），调整了飞行员年龄，飞行员飞行小时，起落架类型和仪表飞行计划的提交。与同时使用安全带和肩带的飞行员相比，未同时使用安全带和肩带的飞行员死亡的可能性更大（调整后的RR，6.8; 95% CI，1.8-25.5），仅使用安全带的飞行员死亡的可能性也更大（调整后的RR，1.7; 95% CI，1.3-2.2）。
结论
飞行员可以通过使用膝部和肩部约束装置来降低迫降时的死亡风险。
CONTEXT
Most pilots survive airplane crash landings in small airplanes. Factors associated with pilot death have not been well studied.
OBJECTIVE
To identify factors associated with fatalities in general aviation airplane crash landings.
DESIGN
Case-control study.
SETTING
The United States.
SUBJECTS
All pilots in general aviation crash landings of airplanes with 10 seats or fewer, from 1983 through 1992.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Pilot death.
RESULTS
Pilots died in 437 (5.2%) of 8411 crash landings. A fire or explosion on the ground was strongly associated with pilot death (relative risk [RR], 20.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.5-26.9), adjusted for pilot age, pilot flight hours, type of landing gear, and the filing of an instrument flight plan. Pilots who failed to use both lap belt and shoulder harness were more likely to die (adjusted RR, 6.8; 95% CI, 1.8-25.5), as were those who used only the lap belt (adjusted RR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.2), compared with pilots who used both restraints.
CONCLUSION
Pilots may be able to reduce their risk of death in a crash landing by using lap and shoulder restraints.