A traditional technique of fishermen for locating fishing spots: a case study in the Tokara Islands.
A traditional technique of fishermen for locating fishing spots: a case study in the Tokara Islands.
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渔民寻找渔点的传统技术：吐噶喇群岛的案例研究。
DOI：
10.11183/jhe1972.3.3
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发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Igarashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Igarashi
介绍了渔民在海上定向的传统航海技术，特别是在渔场中确定捕鱼点的技术，以澄清渔民通过捕鱼活动与其海洋环境之间的关系。本报告所依据的资料是1972年仲夏在日本鹿儿岛县吐噶喇群岛进行短期旅行时通过访谈和第一手观察收集的。钓点的定位方法有很多种，本研究将钓点的定位方法分为三种：两条定位线法、一条定位线法和一个标志点法。至于选择有前途的捕鱼点所涉及的因素，列举了主要因素;水流方向、水流速度和所寻找的鱼类种类。这些因素通过渔民对由多组位置线形成的认知网格的识别，与渔区的命名和序列安排密切相关。有人认为，这种”认知网格”代表了渔民与海洋环境之间关系的一个方面，这是很容易理解的，一个人在一个平坦和单调的环境中工作，如海洋，苔原，或沙漠，必须在每时每刻都有方向感（GLADWIN，1970;纳尔逊，1969; SHEPPARD，1970）。无论从哪种意义上讲，迷失方向不仅会导致工作效率的降低，而且可能危及某些人的生存。
A traditional nautical technique of fishermen for orientation at sea, especially for locating fishing spots in a fishing ground, was described in order to clarify an aspect of the relationship between fishermen and their sea environment through fishing activity. Information on which the resent report is based was collected by means of interview and firsthand observation during a short trip to the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, in midsummer 1972. Though there are many ways of locating fishing spots, three classifications are given in this study; the two position-lines method, the one position-line method, and the one landmark method. As for factors involved in selection of promising fishing spots, the major factors are cited; current direction, current velocity, and species of fish sought. These factors are closely related to the nomination and serial arrangement of fishing spots through the fishermen's recognition of a cognitive grid created by sets of position lines. It was suggested that this" cognitive grid" represents an aspect of the relationship between the fishermen and their sea environment.It is easily understandable that a man working in a fiat and monotonous environment like the sea, a tundra, or a desert, has to be oriented at every moment (GLADWIN, 1970; NELSON, 1969; SHEPPARD, 1970). Loss of orientation, in any sense, not only may result in reduction of efficiency in work, but also may endanger certain survival.