Importance of Reducing Vapor Atmosphere in the Fabrication of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.
Importance of Reducing Vapor Atmosphere in the Fabrication of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.
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DOI：
10.1021/jacs.6b10734
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Tze‐Bin Song;T. Yokoyama;C. Stoumpos;J. Logsdon;D. Cao;M. Wasielewski;S. Aramaki;M. Kanatzidis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tze‐Bin Song;T. Yokoyama;C. Stoumpos;J. Logsdon;D. Cao;M. Wasielewski;S. Aramaki;M. Kanatzidis
锡基卤化物钙钛矿材料已成功地应用于无铅钙钛矿太阳能电池中，但这些材料从p型缺陷态（主要是Sn 4+和Sn空位）形成泄漏路径的倾向导致器件再现性差，并限制了整体功率转换效率（PCE）。在这里，我们提出了一种有效的方法，涉及在锡基卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池的制备过程中的还原蒸气气氛，以解决这个问题，使用MASnI 3，CsSnI 3，CsSnBr 3作为代表性的吸收剂。该工艺使得能够制造显著改进的太阳能电池，MASnI 3、CsSnI 3和CsSnBr 3的PCE分别为3.89%、1.83%和3.04%。还原蒸气气氛工艺导致Sn 4 +/Sn 2+比率降低20%以上，从而大大抑制了载流子复合，达到与铅基同行相当的水平。这些结果标志着对本征Sn基卤化物钙钛矿材料的深入理解迈出了重要一步，为实现低成本和无铅Sn基卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池铺平了道路。
Tin-based halide perovskite materials have been successfully employed in lead-free perovskite solar cells, but the tendency of these materials to form leakage pathways from p-type defect states, mainly Sn4+ and Sn vacancies, causes poor device reproducibility and limits the overall power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Here, we present an effective process that involves a reducing vapor atmosphere during the preparation of Sn-based halide perovskite solar cells to solve this problem, using MASnI3, CsSnI3, and CsSnBr3 as the representative absorbers. This process enables the fabrication of remarkably improved solar cells with PCEs of 3.89%, 1.83%, and 3.04% for MASnI3, CsSnI3, and CsSnBr3, respectively. The reducing vapor atmosphere process results in more than 20% reduction of Sn4+/Sn2+ ratios, which leads to greatly suppressed carrier recombination, to a level comparable to their lead-based counterparts. These results mark an important step toward a deeper understanding of the intrinsic Sn-based halide perovskite materials, paving the way to the realization of low-cost and lead-free Sn-based halide perovskite solar cells.