Exotic species in global aquaculture - a review
Exotic species in global aquaculture - a review
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
W. Shelton;S. Rothbard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Shelton;S. Rothbard
外来鱼类的养殖约占全球食用水产养殖产量的17%。在许多国家，移植的本地物种大大增加了食用鱼和观赏鱼的水产捕捞量。一些国家非常依赖非本地物种的种植;在中国，外来物种的产量超过总产量的25%，在菲律宾，占淡水产量的60%，在巴西，占产量的50%。以色列的水产食品生产主要来自引进的鱼类。在美国，移植的物种在经济上很重要，因为食用鱼和运动鱼以及外来物种被用于资源管理以及主要的食物来源。全球重要鱼类的原产国包括中国（特有鲤鱼）、美国（大西洋鲑鱼和虹鳟鱼）、欧洲（普通鲤鱼）和非洲（罗非鱼）。由于海洋捕捞渔业继续停滞不前，食用鱼的水产养殖生产将变得越来越重要。今天广泛分布的外来鱼类和移植鱼类将在未来水产养殖生产中占更大比例，因为其养殖技术已经众所周知，并且可以随时应用，而且这些物种更容易驯化和遗传改良。
The culture of exotic fishes contributes about 17% to global food aquaculture production. Transplanted native species add substantially to the aquatic harvest of food and sport fishes in many countries. Some countries are very dependent on the cultivation of non-native species; yields of exotics exceed 25% of the total harvest in China, 60% of the freshwater harvest in the Philippines, and 50% of the production in Brazil. Aquatic food production in Israel is predominately from introduced fishes. In the USA, transplanted species are economically important as food and sport fish and exotics are used in resource management as well as a major food source. Countries of origin for globally important fishes include China (endemic carps), USA (Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout), Europe (common carp), and Africa (tilapias). The aquaculture production of food fish will become increasingly vital as oceanic capture fisheries continue to stagnate. Exotic and transplanted fishes that are widespread today will represent a greater proportion of future aquaculture production because technology for their culture is already well known and can readily be applied, and because these species are more easily domesticated and genetically improved.