Viral outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units: What we do not know
Viral outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units: What we do not know
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajic.2013.01.026
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Stronati, Mauro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Civardi, Elisa;Tzialla, Chryssoula;Stronati, Mauro
背景资料：医院感染是新生儿（尤其是早产儿）发病、住院时间延长、住院费用增加和死亡的最重要原因之一。绝大多数涉及医院感染的科学文章都涉及细菌或真菌感染，而病毒制剂往往被忽视。本分析回顾了医学文献，努力建立发病率，病原体类型和临床特征的非先天性新生儿病毒infections.Methods：本分析是使用全球数据库的卫生保健相关的爆发（www.outbreak-database.com）。结果：该数据库共收录590起新生儿暴发疫情，其中病毒性暴发疫情64起，其中新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）暴发疫情44起，占68.75%。新生儿医院感染的病原菌以轮状病毒（23.44%）、呼吸道合胞病毒（17.19%）、肠道病毒（15.63%）、甲型肝炎病毒（10.94%）和腺病毒（9.38%）为主。本分析中报告的死亡率证明了新生儿重症监护病房非先天性病毒感染的重要性，以及需要更有效的疫情预防策略。版权所有（C）2013由感染控制和流行病学专业人员协会，Inc.爱思唯尔公司出版。All rights reserved.
Background: Nosocomial infection is among the most important causes of morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, increased hospital costs, and mortality in neonates, particularly those born preterm. The vast majority of scientific articles dealing with nosocomial infections address bacterial or fungal infections, and viral agents are often disregarded. This analysis reviews the medical literature in an effort to establish the incidence, types of pathogens, and clinical features of noncongenital neonatal viral infections.Methods: This analysis was performed using the worldwide database of health care-associated outbreaks (http://www.outbreak-database.com). Items analyzed included causative pathogens, types of infection, source of outbreaks, and measures taken to stop outbreaks.Results: The outbreak database contained a total of 590 neonatal outbreaks, of which 64 were originated by viruses, 44 of which (68.75%) were reported from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The 5 most frequent viral agents were rotavirus (23.44%), respiratory syncytial virus (17.19%), enterovirus (15.63%), hepatitis A virus (10.94%), and adenovirus (9.38%).Conclusion: Our analysis of the viral origins of nosocomial infections in NICUs can be a valuable tool in the investigation of neonatal infections. The mortality rates reported in this analysis demonstrate the significance of noncongenital viral infections in NICUs and the need for more effective outbreak prevention strategies. Copyright (C) 2013 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.