Effects of maternal exposure to lead on secondary sex ratio in Japan: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Effects of maternal exposure to lead on secondary sex ratio in Japan: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
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日本母亲接触铅对第二性别比例的影响：日本环境与儿童研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152726
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Iso Hiroyasu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tatsuta Nozomi;Nakai Kunihiko;Nakayama Shoji F.;Takeuchi Ayano;Arima Takahiro;Yaegashi Nobuo;Kamijima Michihiro;Yamazaki Shin;Ohya Yukihiro;Kishi Reiko;Hashimoto Koichi;Mori Chisato;Ito Shuichi;Yamagata Zentaro;Inadera Hidekuni;Nakayama Takeo;Iso Hiroyasu
近年来，包括日本在内的一些国家的男性出生比例（第二性比）有所下降。虽然以前的研究报告说，SSR受到影响的化学物质，如二恶英和多氯联苯，以及重金属，如甲基汞，铅暴露对SSR的影响研究甚少。本研究的目的是确定母亲铅暴露和SSR之间的关联。在一项大规模的全国性出生队列研究中，使用妊娠中期或晚期的全血测定了母亲血铅水平（BLL）。SSR和母体BLL之间的关联使用多变量logistic模型进行估计。根据BLL将参与者分为五组，应用二项分布来检查SSR的差异。主要结局是SSR，儿童性别从病历记录中获得。在104，062个胎儿记录中，检查了85，171个进行分析。母体BLL中位数为5.85 ng/g（第5 - 95百分位数为3.45-10.6 ng/g）。在参与调查的婴儿中，男性的总体比例为0.512。在校正协变量的logistic回归模型中，分析显示，血铅浓度较高的SSR的比值比增加[第2组：校正OR 1.082，95%置信区间1.037至1.129，第3组：1.122，1.074至1.171，第4组：1.214，1.163至1.268，第5组：1.214，1.163至1.268]。1.279，1.224至1.336]。与日本的一般出生概率相比，低BLL组的SSR较低，而高BLL组的SSR较高。妊娠期母体铅暴露量增加与SSR增加相关。进一步的调查，包括评估父亲的铅暴露是必要的，以了解铅暴露和SSR之间的关联。
A decline in the proportion of male births (secondary sex ratio, SSR) has been seen in several countries including Japan in recent years. Although previous studies have reported that the SSR is affected by exposure to chemical substances such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls, as well as heavy metals such as methylmercury, the effects of lead exposure on the SSR have been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine the association between maternal lead exposure and SSR. In a large-scale nationwide birth cohort study, maternal blood lead level (BLL) was determined using whole blood from the second or third trimester of pregnancy. The association between SSR and maternal BLL was estimated using multivariable logistic models. Binomial distribution was applied to examine the differences in SSR by dividing the participants into five groups based on BLL. The primary outcome was SSR, and the child sex was obtained from the medical record transcripts. Of 104,062 fetal records, 85,171 were examined for analysis. The median maternal BLL was 5.85 ng/g (5th–95th percentile 3.45–10.6 ng/g). The overall proportion of males among participating infants was 0.512. In logistic regression models adjusted for covariates, the analysis revealed an increased odds ratio for SSR with higher blood lead concentrations [Group 2: adjusted OR 1.082, 95% confidence interval 1.037 to 1.129, Group 3: 1.122, 1.074 to 1.171, Group 4: 1.214, 1.163 to 1.268, Group 5: 1.279, 1.224 to 1.336]. Compared to the general birth probability in Japan, the group with low BLL had a lower SSR and the group with high BLL had a higher SSR. Higher maternal lead exposures during pregnancy were associated with increased SSR. Further investigations including assessment of paternal lead exposure are necessary to understand the association between lead exposure and SSR.