Evaluation of the effect of ecologic on root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculenum.
Evaluation of the effect of ecologic on root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculenum.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph2008050013
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lawrence, Gary W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ladner, Debora C;Tchounwou, Paul B;Lawrence, Gary W
线虫管理的非化学方法和战略，包括栽培方法和工程措施，已被推荐作为甲基溴(一种主要的土壤熏蒸剂)的替代品，因为它在消耗臭氧层方面的作用。因此，最近达成了一项国际协议，呼吁减少其消费量并完全淘汰。本研究评价了一种生物海洋壳粉甲壳素材料生态作为土壤改良剂防治南方根结线虫的潜力及其对番茄植株番茄生长的影响。为了实现这一目标，进行了研究，在温室环境中设置实验盆栽，使用灭菌土壤，每1500克土壤接种5000个根结虫卵。共4个处理，5个重复。处理包括：不含甲壳素；50克甲壳素；100克甲壳素；200克甲壳素。在种植花卉番茄之前，在生态修正之后有两周的等待期，以便将甲壳素材料分解到土壤中。以地上部和根部物质的鲜重和干重为生长终点。与不加甲壳素的对照相比，100g甲壳素处理组的食用菌生长速度有统计学上的显著差异(p<；or=0.05)。当甲壳素用量为109.0、50、100和200g时，鲜重分别为78.0+/-22.3g、81.0+/-20.3g、109.0+/-25.4g和102.0±33.3g。对根结线虫浓度的分析表明，甲壳素修饰剂对繁殖率有很大影响。研究结果表明，在100g和200g生态甲壳素水平下，根结线虫卵和幼虫(J2)的数量都显著减少，而在50g生态甲壳素水平下，线虫浓度增加(p<；or=0.05)。0、50、100和200g甲壳素的J2种群平均数量分别为49,933+/-38,819，86,050+/-25248,103+/-133和103+/-133。同样，根结线虫卵的平均数量(每1500 cm~3土壤)为40,759+/-36,712，66,048+/-39,730，9,904+/-16,591和9,257+/-17,204。在100克和200克甲壳素水平下，根瘤等级也显著低于对照组(p<；or=0.05)。对于0、50、100和200克甲壳素的修改水平，胆汁百分率分别为3.3+/-1.0%、3.2+/-1.0%、1.0+/-0.5%和1.0%+/-0.6%。
Nonchemical methods and strategies for nematode management including cultural methods and engineered measures have been recommended as an alternative to methyl bromide (a major soil fumigant), due to its role in the depletion of the ozone layer. Hence, an international agreement has recently been reached calling for its reduced consumption and complete phasing out. This present research evaluates the potential of Ecologic, a biological, marine shell meal chitin material, as a soil amendment management agent for root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, control, and its effect on the growth of Floradel tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculentum. To accomplish this goal, studies were conducted during which, experimental pots were set up in greenhouse environments using sterilized soil inoculated with 5,000 root-knot eggs per 1500 g soil. There were 4 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were: No chitin; 50 g chitin; 100 g chitin; and 200 g chitin. A two-week wait period following Ecologic amendment preceded Floradel tomato planting to allow breakdown of the chitin material into the soil. Fresh and dry weights of shoot and root materials were taken as growth end-points. A statistically significant difference (p < or = 0.05) was obtained with regard to the growth rate of L. esculentum at 100 g chitin treatment compared to the control with no chitin. Mean fresh weights of Floradel tomato were 78.0 +/- 22.3 g, 81.0 +/- 20.3 g, 109.0 +/- 25.4 g and 102.0 +/- 33.3 g at 0, 50, 100 and 200 g chitin, respectively. The analysis of root knot nematode concentrations indicated a substantial effect on reproduction rate associated with chitin amendment. Study results showed a significant decrease in both root knot nematode eggs and juveniles (J2) at 100g and 200 g Ecologic chitin levels, however, an increase in nematode concentrations was recorded at the 50 g Ecologic chitin level (p < or = 0.05). The mean amounts of J2 population, as expressed per 1500 cm3 soil, were 49,933 +/- 38,819, 86,050 +/- 25248, 103 +/- 133 and 103 +/- 133 for 0, 50, 100 and 200 g chitin, respectively. Similarly, the mean numbers of root knot nematode eggs (per 1500 cm3 of soil) were 40,759 +/- 36,712, 66,048 +/- 39,730, 9,904 +/- 16,591 and 9,257 +/- 17,204. Root gall rating was also significantly lower (p < or = 0.05) at the 100 g and 200 g chitin levels compared to the control. Percent gall ratings were 3.3 +/- 1.0%, 3.2 +/- 1.0%, 1.0 +/- 0.5%, and 1.0% +/- 0.6% for amendment levels of 0, 50, 100, and 200 g chitin, respectively.