Ambitious Advances of the European Union in the Legislation of Invasive Alien Species
Ambitious Advances of the European Union in the Legislation of Invasive Alien Species
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DOI：
10.1111/conl.12150
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Joscha Beninde;M. Fischer;A. Hochkirch;Andreas Zink
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joscha Beninde;M. Fischer;A. Hochkirch;Andreas Zink
保护立法为保护行动提供了法律的依据，对有效的保护管理至关重要。2014年4月，欧洲议会同意了一项关于在欧盟范围内制定一项打击外来入侵物种（IAS）的法规的提案。该提案纳入了《生物多样性公约》关于国际会计准则的许多指导原则。此外，除了预防、根除、管理和控制之外，科学家、利益攸关方和公众也参与决策过程。它还进一步适用“污染者付费”原则：国际会计准则造成的损害的费用和恢复的费用转移到自然人，即人，或法律的人，例如公司、国家等，负责物种引进。由于其威慑和预防作用，“污染者付费”原则是环境政策中的一个宝贵工具。现在要看欧洲联盟理事会是否同意这项雄心勃勃的建议，并通过这项现代保护立法。然而，我们建议进一步改进，以实现有效的保护管理。成员国需要协调行动，根据最新的科学发现调整措施，最好由国际会计准则欧洲中心来完成。为这样一个中心获得足够的资金将大大增加监管的可能性，以促进有效的保护举措。在本出版物付印之前，欧洲联盟理事会通过了这一规定（22。2014年10月）在本文中提到的第二个提案的版本中。
Conservation legislation provides a legal basis for conservation action and is crucial for effective conservation management. In April 2014, the European Parliament agreed upon a proposal for an EU‐wide regulation to combat invasive alien species (IAS). The proposal incorporates many Guiding Principles of the Convention on Biodiversity for dealing with IAS. In addition, to prevention, eradication, management, and control it involves scientists, stakeholders and the public in decision making processes. It goes further by applying the “polluter‐pays” principle: costs of damage induced by IAS and costs for restoration are shifted to the natural person, that is, a human being, or legal person, for example a company, state, etc., responsible for a species introduction. Because of its deterrent and preventive effect, the “polluter‐pays” principle is a valued instrument in environmental policy. It now depends upon the Council of the European Union to agree on the ambitious proposal and adopt this modern conservation legislation. However, we recommend further improvements to achieve effective conservation management. Member States need to coordinate actions and adapt measures to newest scientific findings, best accomplished by a European center of IAS. Securing sufficient funding for such a center would greatly increase the likelihood of the regulation to facilitate efficient conservation initiatives. Before this publication went to press the Council of the European Union adopted this regulation (22. October 2014) in the version of the second proposal as referred to in this text.