LYSOBACTER, A NEW GENUS OF NON-FRUITING, GLIDING BACTERIA WITH A HIGH BASE RATIO
LYSOBACTER, A NEW GENUS OF NON-FRUITING, GLIDING BACTERIA WITH A HIGH BASE RATIO
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DOI：
10.1099/00207713-28-3-367
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
COOK, FD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHRISTENSEN, P;COOK, FD
几个工作人员分离出了具有62-70.1摩尔%的DNA鸟嘌呤加胞嘧啶含量的高度粘液状、奶油色、粉红色和黄褐色滑动生物，但由于从未观察到这些生物产生典型的粘细菌子实体，因此它们的分类存在问题。对46个分离株进行了详细研究，其中包括Ensign和Wolfe的微生物AL-1和Cook的分离株495，这两个菌株都产生重要的蛋白酶，以及Cook的培养物3C，它阐述了有效的广谱抗生素粘菌素。并命名和描述了4个新种和1个新亚种：溶杆菌L.亚氏乳杆菌（模式菌株，ATCC 29479），L. brunescens（模式菌株，ATCC 29482）、L.产酶L.产酶亚种cookii Christensen（模式菌株，ATCC 29488）和L.胶菌（模式菌株，ATCC 29489）。溶杆菌的薄的、滑动的、弯曲的细胞的尺寸为0.3-0.5 × 1.0-15.0（有时高达70）μ m。这些土壤和水生物都降解甲壳素，两个降解藻酸盐，三个降解果胶酸盐，三个降解羧甲基纤维素和一个降解淀粉，但没有分解滤纸或琼脂。它们具有强烈的蛋白水解作用，并且特征性地裂解多种微生物，例如革兰氏阴性、革兰氏阳性（包括放线菌）和蓝绿色细菌、真菌、绿色藻类和线虫。该属被归入一个新的目-溶双歧杆菌目--溶双歧杆菌亚科。
Highly mucoid, cream, pink and yellow-brown gliding organisms having DNA guanine-plus-cytosine contents of 62-70.1 mol% were isolated by several workers, but since these organisms were never observed to produce typical myxobacterial fruiting bodies, their taxonomy was problematical. Forty-six isolates were studied in detail, among them Ensign and Wolfe''s organism AL-1 and Cook''s isolate 495, both of which produce important proteases, and Cook''s culture 3C, which elaborates the potent, wide-spectrum antibiotic myxin. A new genus, LYSOBACTER, was established for these organisms, and 4 new species and 1 new subspecies were named and described: L. antibioticus (type strain, ATCC 29479), L. brunescens (type strain, ATCC 29482), L. enzymogenes (type strain, ATCC 29487), L. enzymogenes ssp. cookii Christensen (type strain, ATCC 29488) and L. gummosus (type strain, ATCC 29489). The dimensions of the thin, gliding, flexing cells of Lysobacter are 0.3-0.5 by 1.0-15.0 (sometimes up to 70) .mu.m. These soil and water organisms all degrade chitin, two degrade alginate, three degrade pectate, 3 degrade carboxymethylcellulose and one degrades starch, but none decomposes filter paper or agar. They are strongly proteolytic and characteristically lyse a variety of microorganisms such as gram-negative, gram-positive (including actinomycetes), and blue-green bacteria, fungi, green algae and nematodes. The genus was placed in a new family, LYSOBACTERACEAE, within a new order, LYSOBACTERALES.