The incidence of extreme economic stress: Evidence from utility disconnections
The incidence of extreme economic stress: Evidence from utility disconnections
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpubeco.2021.104461
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发表时间：
2021-06-28
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Cicala, Steve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cicala, Steve
本文使用伊利诺伊州断电的月度邮政编码数据，记录了500万客户极端经济困境的社会经济相关性。在2018-2019年，黑人和西班牙裔邮政编码的客户因未付款而断开连接的可能性约为4倍，延期付款计划的可能性为2-3倍，参与基于公用事业的低收入援助计划的可能性为70%，控制收入的邮政编码分布和其他人口统计特征。在2019冠状病毒病疫情期间，用于支付水电费的低收入援助增加了九倍，但2020年10月的停电率是历史平均水平的两倍，延期付款计划是历史平均水平的三倍。于2020年底，每月向2. 5%的工商业账户及3. 4%的住宅账户发出中断服务通知。大约20%的账户被收取滞纳金。在少数民族的邮政编码中，这些指标的几率都要高出数倍。(c)2021 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
This paper uses monthly zip code-level data on electricity disconnections in Illinois to document the socioeconomic correlates of extreme economic distress among 5 million customers. In 2018-2019, cus-tomers in Black and Hispanic zip codes were about 4 times more likely to be disconnected for non-payment, 2-3 times more likely to be on deferred payment plans, and 70% more likely to participate in utility-based low-income assistance programs, controlling for zip code distributions of income and other demographic characteristics. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a ninefold expansion in low-income assistance to pay utility bills, but disconnections were double and deferred payment plans triple their historical averages in October 2020. Disconnection notices were served to 2.5% of commercial and industrial accounts, and 3.4% of residential accounts each month in late 2020. About 20% of all accounts were charged late fees. The odds for each of these measures were multiples higher in minority zip codes. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.