Large-scale model of mammalian thalamocortical systems
Large-scale model of mammalian thalamocortical systems
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0712231105
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发表时间：
2008-03-04
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Edelman, Gerald M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Izhikevich, Eugene M.;Edelman, Gerald M.
计算机模拟极大地促进了对哺乳动物大脑结构和动态复杂性的理解。我们在这里提出了一个详细的大规模丘脑皮质模型基于实验措施在几个哺乳动物物种。该模型跨越了三个解剖尺度。(i)它是基于人类大脑的扩散张量成像（DTI）获得的整体（白质）丘脑皮质解剖。（ii）基于猫视觉皮层单个神经元的体外标记和三维重建，包括多个丘脑核和六层皮层微电路。（iii）它有22种基本类型的神经元，它们的分支树突树有适当的层流分布。该模型模拟了一百万个多室尖峰神经元，经过校准，再现了在体外大鼠中记录的已知类型的反应。它有近5亿个突触，具有适当的受体动力学，短期可塑性和长期树突spike- time -dependent突触可塑性（树突STDP）。该模型展示了正常大脑活动的行为机制，这些行为机制不是明确内置的，而是作为解剖和动态过程之间相互作用的结果自发出现的。我们描述了自发活动，对单个神经元变化的敏感性，波和节奏的出现，以及不同尺度上的功能连接。
The understanding of the structural and dynamic complexity of mammalian brains is greatly facilitated by computer simulations. We present here a detailed large-scale thalamocortical model based on experimental measures in several mammalian species. The model spans three anatomical scales. (i) It is based on global (white-matter) thalamocortical anatomy obtained by means of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of a human brain. (ii) It includes multiple thalamic nuclei and six-layered cortical microcircuitry based on in vitro labeling and three-dimensional reconstruction of single neurons of cat visual cortex. (iii) It has 22 basic types of neurons with appropriate laminar distribution of their branching dendritic trees. The model simulates one million multicompartmental spiking neurons calibrated to reproduce known types of responses recorded in vitro in rats. It has almost half a billion synapses with appropriate receptor kinetics, short-term plasticity, and long-term dendritic spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity (dendritic STDP). The model exhibits behavioral regimes of normal brain activity that were not explicitly built-in but emerged spontaneously as the result of interactions among anatomical and dynamic processes. We describe spontaneous activity, sensitivity to changes in individual neurons, emergence of waves and rhythms, and functional connectivity on different scales.