Adolescents' smoking expectancies: Psychometric properties and prediction of behavior change
Adolescents' smoking expectancies: Psychometric properties and prediction of behavior change
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/14622200500185579
复制
发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Flay, BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wahl, SK;Turner, LR;Flay, BR
结果期望与成年人的吸烟行为有关，但对不同吸烟经历的青少年对吸烟的期望关注较少。本研究报告了两个样本的青少年的简单期望量表的心理测量学特性和预测效度。样本1(N=349)包括参加戒烟计划的经常吸烟的高中生(54%为女性)。样本2(N=273)由参与吸烟轨迹自然史研究的8年级和10年级早期实验者(54%女性)组成。在这两个样本中，由13个项目组成的期望量表的主成分分析得出了四个因素(口味、体重控制、无聊缓解和负面情绪管理)，每个因素的内部一致性都很高(系数α=0.77)，分别解释了每个样本总方差的73%和80%。目前吸烟者的预期寿命显著高于早期吸烟者。在样本1中，无聊缓解和体重管理预期预测了6个月后的吸烟状况。在样本2中，吸烟超过18个月的学生与尝试吸烟但没有增加吸烟的学生相比，总体预期寿命在基线时更高。这些发现支持了预期在预测升级和停止方面的预测有效性。对期望在理解青少年吸烟行为中的重要性的含义进行了考虑。
Outcome expectancies have been related to smoking behavior among adults, but less attention has been given to expectancies about smoking among adolescents at differing levels of smoking experience. The present study reports the psychometric properties and predictive validity of a brief expectancy scale across two samples of adolescents. Sample 1 (N=349) consisted of high school students (54% female) who were regular smokers enrolled in a cessation program. Sample 2 (N=273) consisted of 8th- and 10th-grade early experimenters (54% female) involved in a natural history study of smoking trajectories. In both samples, a principal component analysis of a 13-item expectancy scale yielded four factors (taste, weight control, boredom relief, and negative affect management), each with high internal consistency (coefficient alphas >.77) and accounting for 73% and 80% of the total variance for each sample, respectively. Expectancies were significantly higher among current smokers than among early initiators. In Sample 1, boredom relief and weight management expectancies predicted smoking status 6 months later. In Sample 2, students whose smoking increased over 18 months had higher overall expectancies at baseline compared with those who tried smoking and did not escalate. These findings support the predictive validity of expectancies in predicting escalation and cessation. Implications for the importance of expectancies in understanding adolescent smoking behavior are considered.