The entry of Colombian-sourced heroin into the US market: The relationship between competition, price, and purity
The entry of Colombian-sourced heroin into the US market: The relationship between competition, price, and purity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.10.003
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Ciccarone, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenblum, Daniel;Unick, George Jay;Ciccarone, Daniel
在过去的20年里，美国海洛因市场发生了巨大的结构性变化。源自哥伦比亚的海洛因在1990年代中期进入市场，随后每克纯海洛因的价格大幅下降，亚洲海洛因退出市场。到21世纪初，产自哥伦比亚的海洛因在东海岸成为垄断，产自墨西哥的海洛因在西海岸成为垄断，中间是两者之间的竞争。我们估计了竞争市场结构对零售水平海洛因价格和纯度的变化之间的关系。我们发现，从哥伦比亚进口的海洛因在国家一级与竞争较少和每纯克海洛因价格较低有关。然而，美国各地的市场集中度变化差异很大。在控制全国海洛因价格下降的情况下，一个地区或城市的竞争越激烈，每克纯海洛因的价格就越低。(C) 2013 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
There have been large structural changes in the US heroin market over the past 20 years. Colombian-sourced heroin entered the market in the mid-1990s, followed by a large fall in the price per pure gram and the exit of Asian heroin. By the 2000s, Colombian-sourced heroin had become a monopoly on the east coast and Mexican-sourced heroin a monopoly on the west coast with competition between the two in the middle. We estimate the relationship between these changes in competitive market structure on retail-level heroin price and purity. We find that the entry of Colombian-sourced heroin is associated with less competition and a lower price per pure gram of heroin at the national level. However, there is wide variation in changes in market concentration across the US. Controlling for the national fall in the heroin price, more competition in a region or city is associated with a lower price per pure gram. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.