Three-path quantum Cheshire cat observed in neutron interferometry
Three-path quantum Cheshire cat observed in neutron interferometry
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DOI：
10.1038/s42005-023-01494-5
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Armin Danner;Niels Geerits;H. Lemmel;R. Wagner;S. Sponar;Y. Hasegawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Armin Danner;Niels Geerits;H. Lemmel;R. Wagner;S. Sponar;Y. Hasegawa
虽然我们的日常经验拒绝它，但量子柴郡猫暗示了干涉仪中单个粒子的不同属性之间潜在的空间分离。第一个中子实验通过使用路径和自旋自由度证实了量子柴郡猫效应。每个属性的位置是通过对局部扰动的反应定性确定的。然而，尚未就解释达成共识。为了阐明这种效应的起源，在本实验中，能量自由度被用作第三种性质;中子的这三种性质在干涉仪的不同路径中似乎是分开的。实验的分析表明，状态向量之间的内积的强烈参与，一个从初始状态通过微扰演化，另一个是最终状态。内积导致来自两个子光束的振幅，这对强度有贡献。振幅之间的交叉项产生了量子柴郡猫。
Although our every-day experience rejects it, the quantum Cheshire Cat suggests a potential spatial separation between different properties of a single particle in an interferometer. The first experiment with neutrons confirmed the quantum Cheshire Cat effect by using the path and spin degrees of freedom. The locations of each property are determined qualitatively through reactions to locally applied perturbations. Yet, no consensus on the interpretation has been reached. To clarify the origin of the effect, in the present experiment the energy degree of freedom is used as the third property; the three properties of neutrons appear to be separated in different paths in the interferometer. The analysis of the experiment suggests the strong involvement of the inner product between the state vectors, one evolved from the initial state through the perturbation and the other being the final state. The inner product results in amplitudes from two sub-beams which contribute to the intensity. The cross-term between amplitudes gives rise to the quantum Cheshire Cat.