Measuring the Prevalence of Questionable Research Practices With Incentives for Truth Telling
Measuring the Prevalence of Questionable Research Practices With Incentives for Truth Telling
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797611430953
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Prelec, Drazen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
John, Leslie K.;Loewenstein, George;Prelec, Drazen
最近，明显的科学不端行为案例受到了媒体的极大关注，但问题不那么明显的研究实践可能更为普遍，最终对学术事业的损害更大。我们采用匿名启发的形式，辅以鼓励诚实报道的激励措施，调查了2000多名心理学家参与可疑研究实践的情况。说实话的激励对自我承认有问题的研究实践的影响是积极的，而且这种影响对被调查者认为不太可辩护的实践更大。结合三种不同的评估方法，我们发现参与有问题实践的回答者的百分比高得惊人。这一发现表明，一些有问题的做法可能构成了主流的研究规范。
Cases of clear scientific misconduct have received significant media attention recently, but less flagrantly questionable research practices may be more prevalent and, ultimately, more damaging to the academic enterprise. Using an anonymous elicitation format supplemented by incentives for honest reporting, we surveyed over 2,000 psychologists about their involvement in questionable research practices. The impact of truth-telling incentives on self-admissions of questionable research practices was positive, and this impact was greater for practices that respondents judged to be less defensible. Combining three different estimation methods, we found that the percentage of respondents who have engaged in questionable practices was surprisingly high. This finding suggests that some questionable practices may constitute the prevailing research norm.