Health hazards to children in agriculture.
Health hazards to children in agriculture.
复制标题
农业对儿童的健康危害。
DOI：
10.1002/ajim.4700240305
复制
发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Valerie A. Wilk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Valerie A. Wilk
儿童是农业劳动力的重要组成部分，他们面临着许多工作场所的危险，包括农业机械、杀虫剂、恶劣的田野卫生、不安全的运输以及长期从事体力要求很高的工作而造成的疲劳。农民工子女还面临着田里住房不达标或根本不存在的额外危险。儿童在农业工作场所死亡和致残伤害中所占比例不成比例，每年有300多人死亡，27000人受伤。农业中儿童致命性和非致命性伤害的最常见原因是农业机械，其中拖拉机占最多。对童工问题的补救办法必须考虑到家庭经济和照料儿童的需要。劳动法改革和严格执行现行法律以及工作场所的健康和安全要求，对于更好地保护从事农业工作的儿童和成年人至关重要。
Children comprise a significant portion of the agricultural workforce and are exposed to many workplace hazards, including farm machinery, pesticides, poor field sanitation, unsafe transportation, and fatigue from doing physically demanding work for long periods. Migrant farmworker children face the additional hazard of substandard or nonexistent housing in the fields. Children account for a disproportionate share of agricultural workplace fatalities and disabling injuries, with more than 300 deaths and 27,000 injuries per year. The most common cause of fatal and nonfatal injury among children in agriculture is farm machinery, with tractors accounting for the greatest number. Remedies to the problems of child labor must take into account family economics and the need for child care. Labor law reform and rigorous enforcement of existing laws and of workplace health and safety requirements are vital to better protect the children and adults working in agriculture.