Visual and Acoustical Signalling during Courtship by Fiddler Crabs (Genus Uca)
Visual and Acoustical Signalling during Courtship by Fiddler Crabs (Genus Uca)
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招潮蟹（Uca属）求爱期间的视觉和听觉信号
DOI：
10.1093/icb/8.3.623
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发表时间：
1968
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
S. P. Atsaides
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Salmon;S. P. Atsaides
雄性招潮蟹（Uca属）利用视觉和听觉信号来吸引雌性交配。在美国拳击手和其他几种美洲物种中，雄性在白天首先通过挥手吸引雌性，然后在洞穴内发出声音。在夜间，雄性发出声音的频率较低，但当被雌性触摸时，它们发出声音的频率会增加。
在欧洲物种 U. tangeri 中，求爱的许多要素与 U. pugilator 相似，但会产生两种类型的声音。其中之一是短促的鼓声，当雄性在白天的求偶活动中暂时遮挡雌性时，它似乎可以代替挥手。长滚筒旋转在不同的情况下使用。
雄性对雌性的声学反应会影响该地区其他雄性的求爱行为。当白天向测试雄性播放受刺激雄性的声音时，它们挥手的时间会增加。在晚上，播放会导致声音产生的速度增加。
讨论了潮汐振荡、温度和光周期对雄性行为的影响。
将水生蟹的求偶活动与陆生短尾蟹的求偶活动进行比较。在水生生物中，求偶可能不存在，或者即使存在，也不涉及雄性发出的复杂信号。近距离的化学或视觉线索是最重要的刺激。在一些陆生蟹属中，长时间的视觉信号很常见，雄性经常发出声音来“召唤”雌性从洞穴到地面进行交配。讨论了一些可能解释水生和陆生物种求爱活动差异的因素。
Male fiddler crabs (Genus Uca ) employ both visual and acoustical signals to attract females for mating. In U. pugilator and several other American species, the males attract females during the day first by waving, then by producing sounds just within their burrows. At night, the males produce sounds at low rates, but when touched by a female, they increase their rate of sound production.
In the European species, U. tangeri , many elements of courtship are similar to those in U. pugilator , but two types of sounds are produced. One of these, the short drumwhirl, appears to substitute for waving when the male is temporarily obscured from the female during his diurnal courtship activities. The long drumwhirl is used under different circumstances.
The acoustical responses of a male to a female influence the courtship behavior of other males in the area. When sounds from stimulated males are played back to test males during the day, their lates of waving increase. At night, the playbacks elicit increases in rates of sound production.
The influence of tidal oscillations, temperature, and light cycles on the behavior of males is discussed.
Courtship activities of aquatic crabs are compared to those of terrestrial Brachyura. In aquatic forms, courtship may be absent or, if present, does not involve elaborate signalling by the male. Chemical or visual cues at close range are the most important stimuli. In several genera of terrestrial crabs, visual signalling for prolonged periods is common, and sounds are often emitted by males to “call” females from their burrows to the surface for mating. Some of the factors that may account for differences in courtship activities in aquatic and terrestrial species are discussed.