Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Elder Abuse and Neglect in the Community: A Population-Based Study
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Elder Abuse and Neglect in the Community: A Population-Based Study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/jgs.13601
复制
发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Lachs, Mark S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burnes, David;Pillemer, Karl;Lachs, Mark S.
目标：估计过去一年的患病率，并确定老年人情感虐待、身体虐待和忽视的风险和保护因素。设计：采用随机数字拨号抽样和直接电话访谈的横断面、基于人群的研究。地点：纽约州家庭。参与者：代表（种族、族裔、性别）样本（N = 4,156），是讲英语或西班牙语、居住在社区、认知能力完好的 60 岁以上老年人 老年人。测量：冲突策略量表适用于评估老年人的情感和身体虐待。使用杜克美国老年人资源和服务（OARS）量表，根据负责任的护理人员未能满足老年人的需求来评估老年人的忽视。个案阈值基于虐待行为频率和老年人对问题严重性的看法。结果：去年老年人情感虐待发生率为 1.9%，身体虐待发生率为 1.8%，忽视发生率为 1.8%，总发生率为 4.6%。情感和身体虐待与分居或离婚、生活在低收入家庭、功能障碍和年龄较小有关。忽视与健康状况不佳、分居或离婚、生活在贫困线以下以及年龄较小有关。西班牙裔老年人中被忽视的可能性较小。结论：虐待和忽视老年人是常见问题，其风险和保护因素特征各不相同。这些发现对旨在防止虐待老年人的公共筛查、教育和认识工作具有直接影响。
OBJECTIVES: To estimate past-year prevalence and identify risk and protective factors of elder emotional abuse, physical abuse, and neglect.DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-based study using random-digit-dial sampling and direct telephone interviews.SETTING: New York State households.PARTICIPANTS: Representative (race, ethnicity, sex) sample (N = 4,156) of English-or Spanish-speaking, community-dwelling, cognitively intact individuals aged 60 and older.MEASUREMENTS: The Conflict Tactics Scale was adapted to assess elder emotional and physical abuse. Elder neglect was evaluated according to failure of a responsible caregiver to meet an older adult's needs using the Duke Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) scale. Caseness thresholds were based on mistreatment behavior frequencies and elder perceptions of problem seriousness.RESULTS: Past-year prevalence of elder emotional abuse was 1.9%, of physical abuse was 1.8%, and of neglect was 1.8%, with an aggregate prevalence of 4.6%. Emotional and physical abuse were associated with being separated or divorced, living in a lower-income household, functional impairment, and younger age. Neglect was associated with poor health, being separated or divorced, living below the poverty line, and younger age. Neglect was less likely in older adults of Hispanic ethnicity.CONCLUSION: Elder abuse and neglect are common problems, with divergent risk and protective factor profiles. These findings have direct implications for public screening and education and awareness efforts designed to prevent elder mistreatment.