Modeling Stomatal Conductance and Photosynthesis of a Flag Leaf of Wheat under Elevated O3 Concentration
Modeling Stomatal Conductance and Photosynthesis of a Flag Leaf of Wheat under Elevated O3 Concentration
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模拟高 O3 浓度下小麦旗叶的气孔导度和光合作用
DOI：
10.14877/agrmet2.sp09.0.81.0
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Jianguo Zhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Oue;Zhaozhong Feng;J. Pang;A. Miyata;M. Mano;K. Kobayashi;Jianguo Zhu
为了估算中国东部小麦叶片气孔O3通量和预测产量损失，重点建立了小麦旗叶气孔导度（gs）和光合作用(P)模型。迄今为止，Pleijel et al.（2000）、UNECE（2004）等许多研究者在开顶室实验的基础上，提出了欧洲春小麦相对产量与小麦旗叶气孔O3通量之间的关系，相关性较高。于2008年抽穗前至收获前6 d，在环境田和人工提高O3浓度[O3]的FACE （Free Air Concentration Enrichment）田，测定旗叶和其他冬小麦叶片的gs和P。gs模型采用乘数法，将gs最大值（gsmax）与叶片上的光合有效辐射（PARl）、冠层顶部超过40 ppb阈值浓度的O3累积暴露量（AOT40）、物候、VPD和白天时间的变化进行乘积。在PARl=2000 μmol m-2 s-1条件下，旗叶的gs/gsmax与P/Pmax （Pmax为P的最大值）之间的关系用斜率为1.0、截距为0.0的线性回归线表示。因此，P模型是通过乘法方法建立的，Pmax乘以P的PARl的修改，以及与gs模型相同的其他参数。模型成功地复制了旗叶的gs和P，甚至复制了其他叶片的gs和P。为了这些模型的实际应用，还对冠层顶部[O3] （[O3]冠层）和PARl进行了建模。利用[O3]在冠层上方的对数廓线，模拟[O3] （z0O3）的粗糙度长度随风速的变化，成功地再现了[O3]冠层。为了模拟PARl，我们确定了叶片的倾角因子（Fl），以便模拟的冠层内的垂直短波辐射廓线能够拟合使用垂直两流短波辐射模型（如Oue， 2003a; 2003b）的测量值。对于LAI=5的小麦冠层，旗叶最多的z=0.6 ~ 0.8 m处的Fl值在0.4 ~ 0.6之间。
In aims to estimate stomatal O3 flux and predict the yield loss of wheat in eastern China, the focus was on developing a stomatal conductance (gs) model and a photosynthesis (P) model of a wheat flag leaf. To date, relationships between the relative yield of European spring wheat and the stomatal O3 flux of the wheat flag leaf have been presented by Pleijel et al. (2000), UNECE (2004) and many researchers with high correlations on the basis of the open-top chamber experiments.The gs and P of flag leaves and other winter wheat leaves were measured, both in the ambient field and FACE (Free Air Concentration Enrichment) field, whereby the O3 concentration ([O3]) was artificially elevated, on 6 days from before heading to before harvest, 2008. The gs model was developed by a multiplicative approach with a maximum value of gs (gsmax) multiplied by modifications of photosynthetically active radiation incident on the leaf (PARl), accumulated exposure of O3 over a threshold concentration of 40 ppb for daylight hours (AOT40) at the canopy top, phenology, VPD and the time of day. A relationship between gs/gsmax and P/Pmax (Pmax is the maximum value of P) of a flag leaf measured in PARl=2000 μmol m-2 s-1 was represented by a linear regression line with a slope of 1.0 and intercept of 0.0. Therefore, the P model was developed by the multiplicative approach with Pmax multiplied by modifications of PARl for P and the same other parameters as the gs model. The models reproduced the gs and P of a flag leaf and even those of the other leaves successfully.For the practical use of these models, [O3] at the canopy top ([O3]canopy) and PARl were also modeled. By applying the logarithmic profile of [O3] above the canopy, and modeling the roughness length for [O3] (z0O3) with the wind speed, the [O3]canopy was reproduced successfully. To model PARl, the inclination factor of a leaf (Fl) was decided so that the modeled vertical profile of shortwave radiation within the canopy could fit the measurements using the vertical two streams shortwave radiation model (e.g. Oue, 2003a; 2003b). Fl at z=0.6-0.8 m, where most flag leaves exist, was found to be from 0.4 to 0.6 for a wheat canopy of LAI=5.
日本的空气质量预报
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Masaharu Motoshita;Keisuke Nansai;Seiji Hashimoto;Takahiro Sasaki;Stephan Pfister;Matthias Finkbeiner;Yumimoto K. et al.
通讯作者：
Yumimoto K. et al.