Structure, function and translational relevance of aquaporin dual water and ion channels.
Structure, function and translational relevance of aquaporin dual water and ion channels.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mam.2012.02.001
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Campbell, Ewan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yool, Andrea J.;Campbell, Ewan M.
水通道蛋白被认为仅对水具有选择性，并且水甘油通道蛋白被认为可携带水和小的不带电溶质（包括甘油）。本综述提出了水通道蛋白作为通道的扩展观点，其调节机制和底物渗透性的多样性比该领域早期建立时最初认识到的更为复杂。水通道蛋白作为双水和门控离子通道的作用可能具有生理和潜在的翻译相关性，并且可以使用新开发的分子和药理学工具进行评估。水通道蛋白 -0、-1 和 -6、果蝇 Big Brain 和植物 Nodulin-26 均具有离子通道活性。尽管水通道蛋白中离子通道功能的概念仍然存在争议，但研究进展不仅开始定义离子通道功能，而且开始定义控制和介导多功能能力的详细分子机制。就生理相关性而言，水通道蛋白中离子通道活性表达的适应性益处（由离子通道门控域的氨基酸序列保守性暗示）表明它们提供的不仅仅是水或甘油和溶质的转运。双离子和水通道对于理解跨膜流体梯度的调节、体积调节以及表达具有双重功能的水通道蛋白类的组织中可能的信号转导具有重要意义。在未来的工作中可能会发现其他水通道蛋白类别具有离子通道活性，有待确定可能控制激活的信号通路。
Aquaporins have been assumed to be selective for water alone, and aquaglyceroporins are accepted as carrying water and small uncharged solutes including glycerol. This review presents an expanded view of aquaporins as channels with more complex mechanisms of regulation and diverse repertoires of substrate permeabilities than were originally appreciated in the early establishment of the field. The role of aquaporins as dual water and gated ion channels is likely to have physiological and potentially translational relevance, and can be evaluated with newly developed molecular and pharmacological tools. Ion channel activity has been shown for Aquaporins -0, -1, and -6, Drosphila Big Brain, and plant Nodulin-26. Although the concept of ion channel function in aquaporins remains controversial, research advances are beginning to define not only the ion channel function but also the detailed molecular mechanisms that govern and mediate the multifunctional capabilities. With regard to physiological relevance, the adaptive benefit of expression of ion channel activity in aquaporins, implied by amino acid sequence conservation of the ion channel gating domains, suggests they provide more than water or glycerol and solute transport. Dual ion and water channels are of interest for understanding the modulation of transmembrane fluid gradients, volume regulation, and possible signal transduction in tissues expressing classes of aquaporins that have the dual function capability. Other aquaporin classes might be found in future work to have ion channel activities, pending identification of the possible signaling pathways that could govern activation.
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