Foundations for a realist ontology of mental disease
Foundations for a realist ontology of mental disease
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DOI：
10.1186/2041-1480-1-10
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Smith, Barry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ceusters, Werner;Smith, Barry
虽然精神障碍的分类已经存在一百多年了，但“精神障碍”、“疾病”和“病症”等术语的实际含义仍然没有明确。虽然自 20 世纪 90 年代初的 GALEN 项目以来，本体论一直被用来帮助解决这一不足，但迄今为止，大多数尝试都试图提供对一些预先存在的术语或分类的结构的正式描述，而不是对患者方面的相应结构和过程的描述。我们在此提出一种基于本体论现实主义的精神疾病观点，并遵循基本形式本体论（BFO）中体现的原则以及 BFO 在医学领域的应用。普通医学本体论（OGMS）。我们分析了 (1) DSM-V 研究议程中和 (2) Pies 模型中提供的有关精神疾病的陈述。结果用于评估 BFO 和 OGMS 的表征单位是否足以作为这些陈述试图描述的现实实体的正式表征的基础。然后，我们分析了精神疾病特有的代表性单位，并提供了相应的定义。我们的主要贡献在于识别了现有精神疾病术语中的混淆和混淆，并提供了我们认为是一个框架，用于对患者方面的实体进行清晰和明确的参考，以避免将来出现这些混淆。
While classifications of mental disorders have existed for over one hundred years, it still remains unspecified what terms such as 'mental disorder', 'disease' and 'illness' might actually denote. While ontologies have been called in aid to address this shortfall since the GALEN project of the early 1990s, most attempts thus far have sought to provide a formal description of the structure of some pre-existing terminology or classification, rather than of the corresponding structures and processes on the side of the patient.We here present a view of mental disease that is based on ontological realism and which follows the principles embodied in Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) and in the application of BFO in the Ontology of General Medical Science (OGMS). We analyzed statements about what counts as a mental disease provided (1) in the research agenda for the DSM-V, and (2) in Pies' model. The results were used to assess whether the representational units of BFO and OGMS were adequate as foundations for a formal representation of the entities in reality that these statements attempt to describe. We then analyzed the representational units specific to mental disease and provided corresponding definitions.Our key contributions lie in the identification of confusions and conflations in the existing terminology of mental disease and in providing what we believe is a framework for the sort of clear and unambiguous reference to entities on the side of the patient that is needed in order to avoid these confusions in the future.