Free Sugars and Total Fat Are Important Characteristics of a Dietary Pattern Associated with Adiposity across Childhood and Adolescence
Free Sugars and Total Fat Are Important Characteristics of a Dietary Pattern Associated with Adiposity across Childhood and Adolescence
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.115.224659
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Jebb, Susan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ambrosini, Gina L.;Johns, David J.;Jebb, Susan A.
背景：膳食中糖和脂肪在肥胖发病中的重要性目前是一个争论的话题。目的：我们旨在确定以高糖、高脂肪或两者兼有为特征的饮食模式及其与儿童和青少年肥胖症的纵向关联。方法：研究对象为出生于1991-1992年的雅芳亲子纵向研究(ALSPAC)6722名儿童。在7、10和13岁时，用总能量摄入量(%E)、总脂肪摄入量(%E)、膳食能量密度(DED)和纤维密度来表征DPS。在11岁、13岁和15岁时测量了全身脂肪质量。结果：DP1的z分数越高，DED越大，游离糖和总脂肪的百分比E越大，纤维密度越低；DP2的z分数越高，游离糖和DED的百分比E越大，而总脂肪和DED的百分比E越低。Dp1的z分数增加1-SD与脂肪质量指数z分数平均增加0.04SD单位(95%CI：0.01，0.07；P=0.017)和更大的过度肥胖的几率(OR：1.12；95%CI：1.0，1.25；P=0.038)相关。DP2与肥胖无关。结论：来自总脂肪和游离糖的能量密集型DP高%E与儿童期和青春期肥胖程度较高有关。这似乎证实了脂肪和糖的作用，并为以食物为基础的饮食指南预防儿童肥胖提供了基础。
Background: The importance of dietary sugar comparedwith fat in the development of obesity is currently a topic of debate.Objective: We aimed to identify dietary patterns (DPs) characterized by high sugar content, high fat content, or both and their longitudinal associations with adiposity during childhood and adolescence.Methods: Participants were 6722 children from the ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) who were born in 1991-1992. DPs were characterized by percentage of total energy intake (%E) from free sugars, % E from total fat, and dietary energy density (DED) and fiber density by using reduced rank regression at 7, 10, and 13 y of age. Total body fat mass was measured at 11, 13, and 15 y of age. Regression analyses were used to adjust for dietary misreporting, physical activity, and maternal social class.Results: Two major DPs were identified: higher z scores for DP1 were associated with greater DED, greater % E from free sugars and total fat, and lower fiber density; higher z scores for DP2 were associated with greater % E from free sugars but lower % E from total fat and DED. A 1-SD increase in z score for DP1 was associated with a mean increase in the fat mass index z score of 0.04 SD units (95% CI: 0.01, 0.07; P = 0.017) and greater odds of excess adiposity (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.25; P = 0.038). DP2 was not associated with adiposity.Conclusions: An energy-dense DP high in % E from total fat and free sugars is associated with greater adiposity in childhood and adolescence. This appears to confirm the role of both fat and sugar and provides a basis for food-based dietary guidelines to prevent obesity in children.