Deception by young children following noncompliance
Deception by young children following noncompliance
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.35.2.561
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Harris, PL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Polak, A;Harris, PL
M.Lewis，C.Stanger和M.W.Sullivan(1989)设计的范式被用来研究欺骗和错误信念理解。在研究1中，3岁和5岁的儿童被要求不要在实验者不在场的情况下触摸玩具。刚刚超过一半的孩子触摸了玩具，在这些孩子中，大多数人否认这样做过。被允许触摸玩具的控制组儿童都触摸了它，并承认这样做了。锌研究要求2、3和5岁的孩子不要看盒子里的东西。几乎所有的孩子都看了，大多数人否认看过，少数人一直假装不知道里面的内容。错误的信念理解与否认观察有关，但与假装无知无关。被允许观看的控制组儿童都承认正在看，而且他们几乎总是透露他们知道内容。研究证实，学龄前儿童在轻微罪行的背景下欺骗，但在假装无知方面效果较差。
A paradigm devised by M. Lewis, C. Stanger, and M. W. Sullivan (1989) was adapted to study deception and false-belief understanding. In Study 1, 3- and 5-year-olds were asked not to touch a toy in the experimenter's absence. Just over half of the children touched the toy, and of those children, the majority denied having done so. Of control children who were given permission to touch the toy, all touched it and admitted having done so. Zn Study 2, 3- and 5-year-olds were asked not to look in a box to identify its contents. Almost all children looked, most denied having looked, and a minority consistently feigned ignorance of the contents. False-belief understanding was linked to denial of looking but not to feigning ignorance. Of control children who were given permission to look, all acknowledged looking, and they almost always revealed their knowledge of the contents. The studies confirm that preschoolers deceive in the context of a minor misdemeanor but are less effective at feigning ignorance.