A review of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal cue products in Indian water bodies
A review of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal cue products in Indian water bodies
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.11.014
复制
发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Subedi, Bikram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balakrishna, Keshava;Rath, Amlan;Subedi, Bikram
关于印度水体中药物的发生和最终命运的信息很少，尽管印度是世界上药物生产和消费的领导者之一。本文回顾了19份已发表的印度水生环境中药物发生的报告[常规活性污泥废水处理厂（WTP），医院WTP，河流和地下水]。卡马西平（抗精神病药）、阿替洛尔（抗高血压药）、三氯卡班和三氯生（抗微生物剂）、甲氧苄啶和磺胺甲恶唑（抗菌剂）、布洛芬和对乙酰氨基酚（镇痛剂）以及咖啡因（兴奋剂）是印度主要处理生活污水的垃圾处理厂中最常检测到的浓度较高的药物。环丙沙星，磺胺甲恶唑，阿莫西林，诺氟沙星，氧氟沙星在印度的WTP的浓度高达40倍以上，在欧洲，澳大利亚，亚洲和北美的其他国家。在印度河流中进行的极少数研究报告了环丙沙星、依诺沙星、酮洛芬、红霉素、萘普生、布洛芬、双氯芬酸和恩诺沙星的存在。据报告，中国的河流中也发现了类似的化合物，表明这两个发展中国家的使用模式相似。在印度南部的一个露天井的研究报告中，地下水显示出西替利嗪、环丙沙星、依诺沙星、西酞普兰和特比萘芬的存在，这接近于接受制药生产废水的水浸提装置。
Little information exists on the occurrence and the ultimate fate of pharmaceuticals in the water bodies in India despite being one of the world leaders in pharmaceutical production and consumption. This paper has reviewed 19 published reports of pharmaceutical occurrence in the aquatic environment in India [conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plants (WTPs), hospital WTPs, rivers, and groundwater]. Carbamazepine (antipsychoactive), atenolol (antihypertensive), triclocarban and triclosan (antimicrobials), trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (antibacterials), ibuprofen and acetaminophen (analgesics), and caffeine (stimulant) are the most commonly detected at higher concentrations in Indian WTPs that treat predominantly the domestic sewage. The concentration of ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin in Indian WTPs were up to 40 times higher than that in other countries in Europe, Australia, Asia, and North America. A very few studies in Indian rivers reported the presence of ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, ketoprofen, erythromycin, naproxen, ibuprofen, diclofenac and enrofloxacin. Similar compounds were reported in rivers in China, indicating a similar usage pattern in both of these developing countries. In a study reported from an open well in southern India, the groundwater showed the presence of cetirizine, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, citalopram and terbinafine, which was close to a WIT receiving effluents from pharmaceutical production.